Organizations:
Public, Private, and Hybrid (both)Hybrid – federal reserve, Amtrak, UCLA (public college but definition receives profitsSome voluntary-volunteers-are gangs voluntary?Not all organizations are legal Organizations and Institutions-what’s the difference?-terminologyOrganizations-narrower version of institutions-institutions have many more parts than org and interrelated orgs-middle ground between orgs and systems!Organization based on who belongs and who doesn’t-inclusion and exclusion! Subsystems made of organizations?
Social systems are the focus of sociology
Lecture on Attachment:-runs through tapestry of individuals, orgs and systems-A human process-occurs in animal kingdom -a matter of life and death Single men -die first Married men – die secondSingle women – die lastMarried women – die thirdWhy do single women live the longest?Married women-their attachment networks DIMINISHProfessor ex of her second marriage Same with straight men—their wives expand their attachment networks*-Professor was responsible for circle of attachments for both of her husbands!!!!!!Konrad Lorenz-came up with idea of imprinting-studied animals -studied mother gooses and goslings?? (Geese?)-they followed mother goose and imprinted upon her-he took mother away from goslings and put himself in her place-he fed them mother’s milk and took care of them-as they grew, they followed him around even as adult geese-if an individual puts themselves with babies(during a critical period) those babies will imprint on you -tried it on older geese and it didn’t work-must be in earlier critical daysBook: dont you know who I am? (Recommended by peer in lecture)Professor: human beings varyElizabeth cobbler ross-she was the guru on the dying (hospice) and the stages-what happens when you dont go through the 5 stages of dying?-you still die! She says REMEMBER THAT THEORIES ARE GUIDES AND THERE ARE EXCEPTIONS AND WIGGLE ROOM****Konrad Lorenz led to John Bowlby* During WW2 during blitz (German offense that resulted in continued bombing of London. 3 stages of attachment by studied female orphans who were sort of surrogate mothers for infant orphan children1st stage PRE-ATTACHMENT – birth to 6 weeks or 3 months -why would it take longer for some babies?-bc some babies are born PREMATURE-during this phase, the baby will bond with ANYONE-it is about SURVIVAL only IS there such a thing as love at first sight?Love at first sight is:First Phase: Pre-Attachment-“it’s lust at first sight”-how is it related to survival?-about best genetics for babies -lust is what drives human reproduction-physical attraction-not best determinant for long-term relationship-6 weeks to 3 months-why might love at first sight last longer than 3 months?-LONG DISTANCE*How does attachment take place? Second Phase: Attachment in the Making-6 weeks/3 months to 6-8 months-it is a PROCESS, it takes time!-depends on two things: —>repetition—>consistency -does not depend on love! Depends on the two above!!-critical phase, it moves around, not set in stoneIs attachment set in stone (or cement)?-humans are not as concrete-Third Phase – Clear Cut Attachment 6-8 Months to 18 months/2 years-doesn’t mean you’re attached for life-if you lost the attachment, you’re going to experience physical and emotional loss (consequences)-same is true for relationships-the longer you stay in a relationship, you will get attached and there WILL be pain-not a good or bad thing, loss is part of life-can be seen in graduating or retiring -alumni associations bets on attachment!How Does |Attachment Form Identity?-individuals use mothers, father, grandparents, -people why identify with-also with organizations (gangs, army, cult, religion, etc)-attachment is how individuals form their identityFormation of Reciprocal Relationship-2 years onwardWhat might impede likelihood of attachment?—>Inconsistency—>Lack of repetitionWhen a child is abandoned, they have difficulties with attachments thereafter Post-Partum Depression-hormonal, biological, chemical disruption-may slow down attachment process, but does not stop it
Child Abuse:
Going over reflections/paper/assignmentsInvisible Child – AbuseThis book incorporates everything relevant in class-abuse, neglect, system, homelessness, drug abuse, substance abuse, When is it ok to slap/hit a child?-when they put themself or others in danger *Differentiate between discipline and abuse*Some stuff is contextual Incest vs MolestationIncest is between family membersIncest in California:Family role relationshipGangs:All gangs and gang members are not the same; all differentAside from race, some differences between gang members:-experience-education, skills-power, role-age-rituals, tradition-structure, hierarchy-neighborhood-levels of violence-socioeconomic status-ability to exit/leave-desire to be in gang-familial connection/generational or not-clothes, external lookDifference between Mexican, Central, and Black gangs:Mexican gangs-more explicit structureCentral American gangs-more rigidMX & Central Gangs once incarcerated, they have -prison discipline-united once inside the prison-once outside, they fight each other againBrown gangs outnumber Black gangs 2:1Majority int this state are MX and Central American Most are young and will enter and leave during adolescence Doesn’t occupy people throughout their livesVast majority of gang members age outSeveral roles/stages-jumped in-wanna be -lieutenant-shot member??Black-more flexibility, -fragmentation-do not have explicit prison discipline in same way as MX and central gangsWOMEN in Gangs-it’s different now, women are shooters, they’re leading missions-back then, they used to watch children-women are increasingly violent and taking high profile roles-even LGBTQ are getting initiated, lesbians and trans going to female, NOT GAY MENRole women play-MOTHERS-point of intervention-can be a source of pain-can be caring-can be difficult, abusiveThe Father Wound-one of the most profound effect on individual’s life-not just Black! Gender-Based Violence-deliberate violence -physical, psychological, sexual, and economic against a person on the basis of their genderFinancial abuse – without financial dependency, judging you based on what you buy with your money, trying to control your financesEmotional abuse- harming their self-esteem, making them feel undervalued, Why does it seem like global south/underdeveloped nations have higher percent of abuse?Percentages of people who experienced abuse are generally higher in global south but only by like 5-7% and can be based on how they define rape or abuse and underreporting in global north also a possibility Violence for power and controlPets and green cards/immigrants can be used-ex: threatened to kill her cat-threatened to cancel application for her green card Pandemic Child abuse in CA reported cases dropped 50% in CA-all types of violence against women and girls has intensified -because:-case workers not able to do their job, make visits, -people unable to make calls to police -women have taken more gender-based roles in house like taking care of children, housework, etc-women losing jobs and being financially dependentSexual Violence on Campus-Betsy-cross examination Title IXSpecialized in dealing with sexual violenceTransformative Justice and Mutual Aid-argues knowledge stems from social positions-one person is expert of their own position-must listen to their voice instead of top down outside perspective-before this, many scientists doing quantitative research don’t consider other methods enough Public Affairs 114 Reflection Paper Two Guidelines
Reflection Paper Due Friday, February 18 at 12:00 NOON
Format: 4 pages, double spaced, 12 point font, Times New Roman, 1-inch margins
The second reflection paper assignment is designed for you to offer your thoughts and
ideas in reaction to the class content presented and discussed throughout the quarter,
along with guest lecturers (including TAs) and the course readings. Drawing upon
course lectures and at least two required books, please share your thoughts on
concepts we have covered in class: organizations, systems, attachment, child abuse,
the child welfare system, and intimate partner violence. Everything you write should
have meaning. As we’ve said before, PLEASE do not use phrases that convey very little
such as, “This reminds me of Danny Trejo and what he wrote about in his book.” Or,
“The child welfare system really harms people as Invisible Child showed.” Or, “The
Death Penalty is wrong because someone might be innocent.” You need to show how
ideas are related to the class content and the books and what that means to you!
Here are some questions to GUIDE your thinking. You do not have to answer each
question. In fact, you don’t have to answer any of these questions. But they can
help you to explore different issues that we are covering this quarter in this course.
● What was the biggest challenge faced by lead characters in any of the books –
and which ones were similar?
● What impact did guest lecturers have on you? Link what they said to the books
you read.
● How have the systems failed to protect individuals through fair treatment and
justice?
● Who has really helped an individual or organization in any of the books?
Describe how they’ve made a difference in people’s lives.
● Which characters really resonated with you and why?
● How did the book’s characters exemplify concepts discussed in class?