Reflections Instructions
The reflections are personal application of the material discussed in class to your personal life or that that you have seen or witnessed. It is NOT A SUMMARY of the chapter. You may choose any chapter to reflect on however reflections are due within a week from the day we finish discussing the chapter in class. Because of the online change below are the deadlines to for reflections on the remaining chapters. Reflections on chapter 1-6 are not accepted anymore.
Length:
Your reflection should be 2-page in length double spaced 12 point font.
Structure:
Your reflection should have a title.
It should introduce and briefly explain one or two concepts from the chapter (e.g. ethnocentrism; high context; cultural shock…) not more than half of a page. After you introduce the concept, you analyze if it looking into how you may have seen it in your life and how providing concrete examples from your life or that of other people you know (e.g. gender roles, as I was growing up I was taught that…). If you disagree with the concept (e.g. the chapter says that Greek culture is high context in general and you disagree) you may provide arguments why you disagree. Again, if you felt that you need to discuss more than one concept, you may discuss two but not more than two. Please note that the sample reflection on blackboard is there as a sample for content and not length. There is no need to conclude your reflection with a summary of what you stated.
Adjusted deadlines for the online format
Chapter
Deadline
Chapter
Deadline
7
3/29/2020
10
4/19/2020
8
4/05/2020
11
4/26/2020
9
4/12/2020
12
5/03/2020
FLAN 3440/Spring 2020 Page 1 of 1
CHAPTER
1
1: Intercultural Communication in Business, Health Care and Educational Settings
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
1
FLAN 3440
Intercultural Management
Successful cross-cultural management depends on the ability of managers understand the:
Cultural context
Organizational culture
Environmental context
Perceptual context
Organization’s emphasis on group membership
Verbal and nonverbal codes of the foreign counterparts
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
2
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
3
Power Distance & Organizations
Characteristics of large power distance cultures:
Status conscious
Employ top-down communication
Mindful of employee welfare
Employees not expected to participate in decision making.
4
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
Environmental Context
Perspective on the environment including
Information load
Privacy
Company’s overall orientation to nature
5
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
Perceptual Context
The attitudes, emotions, and motivations of the persons engaged in communication and how they affect information processing
Categorizing
Stereotyping
Group Membership
Verbal and Nonverbal codes
Language
6
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
Japanese Management Practices
Wa (harmony)
Taiso (morning exercise)
Salaryman
Karoshi (overwork death)
Shushin koyo (lifetime employment)
Nenko joretsu (seniority grading)
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
7
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
8
SOURCE: Beer, J. E. (2003 and 2016). The Life of a Salaryman: Time, Space, Career Path. Retrieved from http://www.culture-at-work.com/jworklife.html. Used with permission.
Japanese Managerial Strategies
Firm’s Authority
Personal Development
Socializing
Gaijin
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
9
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
10
SOURCE: Table adapted from Lewis, R. D. (2006). When Cultures Collide: Leading Across Cultures, pp. 515–517. Copyright © 2006, Boston: Nicholas Brealey.
German Management Practices
Facts more important than face
Factual honesty more important than politeness
State-regulated apprentice system
11
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
German Management Practices
Compartmentalization/Doors
Skill and experience most important promotional considerations
Implement shadow worker programs
12
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
Mexican Management Practices
Individual effort and self-starting are met with suspicion
Mexican workers value harmony above all else
Organizations considered paternalistic
13
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
Mexican Management Practices
Value cooperation over competition
Rigid hierarchy
Mexican workers prefer close supervision
Innovative/risk taking behavior is inappropriate
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
14
Chinese Management Practices
Business practices guided by Confucian ideals
Trust and Social bonds with business relationships important
Relationships viewed as unequal
15
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
Chinese Management Practices
No separation between social and organizational relationships
Management is responsible for decision making
Organizational conflict dealt with through mediation and compromise
Gift giving now forbidden
16
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
Culture, Intercultural Communication, and Health Care
Different cultural groups have different beliefs, values, and behaviors associated with their health and health care
Illness generally attributed to a factor that is:
within the individual
within the natural environment
societal
supernatural
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
17
Health Communication
“The study and use of communication strategies to inform and influence individual decisions that enhance health.”
Patient–Provider Communication
Paternalism vs. Consumerism or Mutual Participation
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
18
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
19
SOURCE: World Health Organization. (2015). World Health Statistics 2015. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
Healthcare Communication
Patients in collectivistic, large power distance cultures prefer to participate in decision-making about health care
Provider’s nonnative accent has minimal effect on patient perceptions
Microcultural group status in the U.S. does affect health care communication between patient and provider
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
20
Intercultural Communication and Educational Settings
Teacher-Student relationship
HOW students go about learning and teachers go about teaching may vary considerably across cultures
Learning Styles
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
21
Intercultural Communication and Educational Settings
Experiential Learning Theory (ELT)
learning results from (1) grasping experience, and (2) transforming experience.
concrete experience (CE) and abstract conceptualization (AC)
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
22
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
23
Teacher Immediacy
The physiological and psychological distance between interactants
Recommendations that may be helpful for teachers in an intercultural classroom:
1. Motivate learning
2. Balance concrete and conceptual information
3. Balance structured and unstructured activities
4. Make liberal use of visuals
5. Don’t just lecture
6. Allow students to cooperate on some assignments
24
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
Summary
Explored principles necessary to consider when you are in a culture other than your own:
Doing business
Managing people
Providing health care
Teaching students
Examined ways to be successful communicators in a variety of contexts
Neuliep, Intercultural Communication, 7e. © SAGE Publications, 2018.
25