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Cannabis as Treatment for Non-Hodgins Lymphoma (Edited)
Oceania University of Medicine
Robin Goodwin, FNP-BC
Master’s in science
Fourth-year medical student
304-319-1
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May 26, 2021
Cannabis as Treatment for Non-Hodgins Lymphoma
Abstract
Background: Cannabis is often seen as taboo or a gateway drug too dangerous, addictive drugs, by physicians, some state officials, and the federal government. But Cannabis has many benefits for treatment and cures of many medical conditions, including the treatment of non-Hodgins Lymphoma. The positive effects of Cannabis are more beneficial and less harmful than typical pharmaceutical treatments. However, some states and the federal government are reluctant to legalize the use of Cannabis for medicinal purposes. Alabama, South Dakota, Wyoming, Idaho, Indiana, Nebraska, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Ohio, Rode Island At least 17 states and the federal government have a negative attitude towards Cannabis and its therapeutic use. The perception of medicinal Cannabis is a significant dilemma. The ten states that have legalized Marijuana for medicinal use have provided sufficient proof that the plant is effective in treating some types of cancer. The drug, however, has some addictive effects and is one of the most abused drugs on the streets of America.
Objectives of the study: This research paper aims to determine the effectiveness of Marijuana in the treatment of non-Hodgins-lymphoma. The study will also seek to determine why other states and the federal government have refused to use Cannabis,Cannabis; a natural substance cheaper than the current treatment procedures used, for in medicinal medical applicationspurposes.
Methodology: This paper will use the a questionnaire to gather data from the oncologist, state legislators, and federal DEA officers and public health professionals. In addition to thisAdditionally, I will discuss specific case studies and previous research studies conducted on the benefits, risks, and economic impact for on the states, patients, and the public. The controversy among lawmakers, physicians, and pharmaceutical companies.
Discussion: As research expands with Cannabis for the treatment/cure for different cancers, the attitudes remain the same in at least 157 states and the federal government. The government has not found developed strategies ways to control the use and has not concluded how to make money for the taxpayers to use it for medical reasons.
Keywords: Cannabis, marijuana, legalization, non-HodgkinsHodgkin, therapy. These key words are based on the subject heading and most of the discussions in the studystudy.
Introduction
Non-Hodgkinn’s Lymphoma is a a quite common type of lLymphoma that is very common in human beings, which contrasts with Hodgkin; the other form of Lymphoma is the Hodgkins. Lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the immune system of patients. Lymphoma affects the immune system cells that fight germs, bacteria, and other organisms that cause infections to human beings. Lymphoma pPatients diagnosed with lymphoma areis likely to suffer from multiple diseases because cancerous cells compromise the body’s defense immune system. The cells that the lLymphoma targets are in the lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen, thymus, and other vital organsbody parts. Comment by Mena Abdelsayed: No need to capitalize lymphoma. Please fix all over document.
Non-Hodgkin is the most common type of lymphoma cancer. Recent research studies expect aAt least 2.1 % of men and women to suffer from non-Hodgkin in their lifetimes (REFERENCE) and. estimatedAbout that six people die of non-HodgkinsHodgkin Lymphoma annually, . and tThe number may dramatically increase due to the increase rise in the current prevalence of cancer cases in America the USA today (Ekberg et al., 2020). The signs and symptoms of non-HodgkinsHodgkin are swollen lymph nodes in the neck, groin, or axillary regionarmpits. The patient can also experience coughing, fever, shortness of breath, itching, fatigue, and weight loss. However, the disease affects other parts of the body, such as the brain, making it nearlyalmost impossible to treat non-HodgkinsHodgkin Lymphoma.
Compared to other forms of cancers, lLymphoma is treatable. Many patients treated with lymphoma condition fully recover and can live a happy cancer free life after completing the treatment process. One factor that facilitates successful treatment of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma is that patients can quickly identify the symptoms of lLymphoma at early stages (Ekberg et al., 2020). Other types of cancers and most life life-claiming diseases today do not show signs and symptoms at early stages; hence, it is a always challengeging to treat them. However, if diagnoses and treatment one does not get addressed the condition early, it isn’tis not easy to manage such a disease. The situation may also open the door for other types of cancers that currently have no cure. Also, the condition that weakens the immune system exposes the patient to additional life-threatening risks.
Treatment of Non-HodgkinsHodgkin Lymphoma
There are a variety of treatment plans for non-Hodgkin’s LLymphoma. The therapies include; cChemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplants.
Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy are the most commonly knownmost known types of treatment for lymphoma cancers. However, the treatment modules have some adverse side effects on the patients. Some of the most common side effects of the two therapies are hair loss and fatigue among patients (Khanji et al., 2018). Persons Patients undergoing either Cchemotherapy or radiation therapy also experience extreme anorexia, weight loss, nausea, and vomiting. The treatment also causes general body weaknesses to the patients making it almost impossible for them to engage in economic activities or enjoy their everyday lives. Seemingly, also, cChemotherapy causes inflammation of the digestive tract; hence food does not remain in the stomach of patients receiving the treatment causing them to vomit cannot keep food down the stomach; they vomit a lot.
Immunotherapy stimulates an immune response to boost the body’s natural defenses totreatment boosts the immune system to work better as if it is not attacked target and destroyby cancerous cells. On most occasions, health care workers administer immune therapy drugs, via the intravenouslyIV. The patient must make regular appointments to the health facility to receive treatment of the condition (Zang et al., 2019). Immunoe therapy drugs that treat non-HodgkinsHodgkin Lymphoma are monoclonal antibiotics or artificial antibodies that target specific types of cells in the body. Treatments that boost the immune system include immunomodulation drugs and interferon. Immunoe therapy also has some adverse effects on the patient. In some cases, the drugs used to promote the immune system to attacks healthy cells, which worsen the condition in some patients. Mild side effects include coughing, nausea, fatigue, and fever. Comment by Mena Abdelsayed: Can be expressed in more medical terms. Wording is too casual.
Stem Cell Transplant is the least popular mode of lymphoma treatment. There are two types of stem transplants; autologous stem transplant, which involves preserving some stem cells of the patient while introducing new stem cells. The other stem plant is an allogeneic stem cell transplant, introducing new stem cells into the patient (Tissot et al., 2017). Stem cell causes adverse side effects in some patients where the body is slowtakes too long to adapt to the new stem cells introduced. The body of a stem plant patient is more prone to illness. Also, another severe concern of stem plant is theat the patient canninability of the patientot be able to make own platelets. Injuries that cause bleeding thus can result in serious health complications to the patient and even death. Comment by Mena Abdelsayed: What is that? Not a medical term. Be careful with your writing. Please amend everywhere
All the above methods that the current health care facilities utilize in the treatment of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma cancer have serious adverse side effects that the patient cannot ot beartolerate. Even though the treatments eliminate cancerous cells in most patients, the treatments leave patients vulnerable to diseases, weak, and economically inactive. One should also note that the above treatment procedures are expensive and put the families of the patients in financial crisis. Most American families cannot sustain the financial burdens of taking care of persons to treating non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.
Non-HodgkinsHodgkin Lymphoma and Medical Marijuana
Researchers started to explore the possibility of using Cannabidiol in cancer treatment due to the long history that Cannabis has in stimulating appetite and anti-nausea medicine. Poor appetite and nausea are some of the adverse side effects that of the current cancer treatment causes to the patient (Shi, 2017). Studies have also shown that medical Marijuana has anti-inflammatory qualities. ThereforeTherefore, cooperating medical Marijuana with any of the therapies can play an essential role in eliminating most of the side effects of the treatments.
Clinical evidence from research studies done recently on patients who used medical Marijuana with the therapies is making positive change., tThe medical community agreed that Marijuana played an essential role in stimulating appetite, reducing nauseanausea, and vomiting that result from treatment of lLymphoma (Saadeh & Rumstem, 2018). The anti-inflammatory agents in Cannabis neutralize the inflammation of the small intestine. Other crucial chemicals in Cannabis called Cannabidiol help relieve anxiety and nausea. Cannabidiol also inhibits some cancerous cells in the body hence slowing down the speed of multiplication of lLymphoma in patients. Comment by Mena Abdelsayed: Run-on sentence. Consider fragmenting. Make concise and clearer
Scientific research doneStudies in 2005 confirmedshowed that cannabinoid cells were healthier more healthy than normal cells in cancer patients (REFERENCE). Cannabidiol agents in Marijuana combine with cell secretions to form cannabinoid cells that are more resistant to cancer (Vargas-Roman et al., 2020). The research was the pioneer academic work that showed that Cannabis could mitigate the impacts of cancer.
Obstacles to Use and Legalization of Cannabis
Despite the available evidence that supporting the efficacy of Cannabis helps in treating cancer patients, most parts of the world have not accepted medicinal Marijuana. In America, society and the legal forces are the main obstacles to the use of Marijuana for medicinal purposes. Up to date, about 17 states in the United States are reluctant to legalize the use of Marijuana (Paschall et al., 2017). The federal government has also not accepted the use of Marijuana. Society is so rigid to the negative energy associated with marijuana use. Despite society’s reaction action against marijuana use, The the drug remains the most abused drug on the streets of America and the world in general.
The drawbacks to the use of Marijuana often result from the side effects that the medication causes once one uses in more significant amounts. People who abuse Marijuana are known to engage in violent behaviors like physical fights. AlsoFurthermore, the drug impairs the judgment of a person, causes hallucinations, depression, and anxiety.
Purpose of the Study
This research paper aims to determine the effectiveness of Marijuana in the treatment of non-Hodgkin Ls-lymphoma. Literature and clinical research show that Cannabis has a healing effect on cancer patients. This paper will aim to determine how effective the efficacy of this Marijuana is in the treating cancerhealing process. The study will also seek to determine why others states and the federal government have refused to use Cannabis, a natural substance cheaper than the current treatment proceduresinterventions, for medicinal purposes. . Marijuana Being a natural substance, most states should have legalized the use of the herb in the treatment processes. Science believes that mMost natural substances are much safer for human consumption than synthetic ones (REFERENCES). Another reason for the benefit of Marijuana is the price. Of the available treatments for non-HodgkinsHodgkin Lymphoma, Cannabis is the only plan that most American families can afford.
Methodology
The study will utilize the use of questions. The questionnaires will have separate sections for various professionals and stakeholders to answer:. a sectionAn area for health care workers, policy makers, cancer patients, and society members. A cancer patient will give information on the effectiveness of Cannabis. The patient who uses Cannabis for non-Hodgkin Lymphoma treatment will help with information on how the Marijuana has improved their health, the reason for accepting to use, and their general view on legalization. Health care workers will help with information about medicinal Marijuana as observed in patients that use it. The clinicians will also provide information on the effects of Marijuana on the human body and their view on the legalization process. Society members will provide details on why society has a negative attitude about Marijuana and their opinion on the legalization. Policymakers in states that have legalized Marijuana will elaborate on why they it was legalized. In contrast, those in states that have not legalized Marijuana will provide information on why they remained rigid on such an opportunity to help cancer patients.
Data Analysis
This research will analyze data collected from the questionnaire using the latest version of SSP software. The SSP is the ideal analysis tool because the data does not need complicated statistical analysis. After analysis, the research will use charts, graphs, and tables to present the data.
Results
The research will monitor three aspects of the information obtained after the analysis. The paper will consider the effectiveness of Cannabis in the treatment, the legalization status of Cannabis, and community views on the use of Marijuana for medicinal purposes. The result section will give the number of health care workers who believe that Cannabis is effective in treating cancer. The patients thought that Cannabis is effective in the treatment of the disease. This section will also list the number and reasons that policymakers used to decide in their states. The paper will then give an overview of what most stakeholders think about the legalization. The report will also display the number of persons in society who believe that most state and federal governments should legalize medical Marijuana and the general publicpublic view of Marijuana.
Discussion
The discussion section will discuss the results. The discussion will attempt to explain why the results look the way they are in the presentation. On the effectiveness of Marijuana in the treatment of non-HodgkinsHodgkin Lymphoma, the paper will discuss why health care workers think that Marijuana is effective in the treatment of cancer. Also, if the results show that most health care workers said Marijuana is not appropriate, the paper will discuss why the clinicians decided that cannabis is no good for cancer treatment. This research work will discuss the effectiveness of Cannabis treatment based on the number of patients who think that Marijuana was influential in the treatment of cancer.
Another portion that this research paper will discuss is the legalization status of Marijuana. This research will examine why some states legalized Marijuana while others, including the federal government, were against the legalization. The document will also try to establish the States’ criteria to either legalize or prohibit Marijuana for medicinal use. The discussion will also include what most people think about legalization.
The discussion will also address the community aspect of marijuana use and the legalization process. Society has a negative attitude about Marijuana and if they think governments should legalize the herb.
Recommendation
The recommendation section gives the general view of the research based on the findings. In this section, the paper will make decisions on whether Marijuana is effective in the treatment of non-HodgkinsHodgkin Lymphoma. The conclusion here is based on the findings from the research section and the explanation that accompanies results in discussions. For instance, if the health care workers, patients, and community members think that Marijuana is effective in treating cancer and gives valid reasons in the discussion section, then the paper will recommend the use of Marijuana for treatment purposes.
The paper will also make conclusions about the legal status based on the views of different stakeholders. The main stakeholders in the legalization debate are the policymakers and society. However, the opinions of these stakeholders may not have a significant impact if the clinical evidence has sufficient evidence to prove that cancer patients can use Marijuana for medicinal purposes. The available data only show that Marijuana can treat the side effects that result from cancer treatment.
Clinical Implications
Information from this research will play an essential role in determining if clinicians should use Marijuana to treat cancer and if policymakers should legalize the herb in the remaining 17 states for medicinal purposes.
Conclusion
There is a need for further research to determine if Marijuana can be an independent treatment for non-Hodgkin’s LLymphoma. The available research mainly focuses on Marijuana as a treatment for the side effects caused by Chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Also, previous research shows that Marijuana causes anxiety among users, while current studies in medicinal Marijuana suggest the substance treats the anxiety brought about by treatment procedures for cancer. With the cost-effectiveness and the fact that Cannabis has some advantages to patients with non-Hodgkin’s LLymphoma, policymakers need to consider the plant’s legalization for medicinal purposes seriously.
References
Briscoe, J., & Casarett, D. (2018). Medical marijuana use in older adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 66(5), 859-863.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15346
Ekberg, S., E. Smedby, K., Glimelius, I., Nilsson‐Ehle, H., Goldkuhl, C., Lewerin, C., … & Eloranta, S. (2020). Trends in the prevalence, incidence, and survival of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes during the 21st century–a Swedish lymphoma register study. British journal of hematology, 189(6), 1083-1092.
https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.16489
Khanji, M. Y., Wheeler, R., Nawaytou, O., & Sheikh, A. S. (2018). Bioprosthetic mitral valve thrombosis and subsequent obstruction from non‐Hodgkins Lymphoma despite anticoagulation. Echocardiography, 35(12), 2104-2105.
https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.14170
Paschall, M. J., Grube, J. W., & Biglan, A. (2017). Medical marijuana legalization and marijuana use among youth in Oregon. The journal of primary prevention, 38(3), 329-341.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-017-0476-5
Saadeh, C. E., & Rustem, D. R. (2018). Medical marijuana use in a community cancer center—Journal of oncology practice, 14(9), e566-e578.
Shi, Y. (2017). Medical marijuana policies and hospitalizations related to Marijuana and opioid pain reliever. Drug and alcohol dependence, 173, 144-150.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.01.006
Tissot, F., Agrawal, S., Pagano, L., Petrikkos, G., Groll, A. H., Skiada, A., … & Herbrecht, R. (2017). ECIL-6 guidelines for treating invasive candidiasis, aspergillosis, and mucormycosis in leukemia and hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients. Haematologica, 102(3), 433.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28011902
Vargas-Román, K., Díaz-Rodríguez, C. L., Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., Ariza, T., la Fuente-Solana, D., & Inmaculada, E. (2020). Anxiety prevalence in lymphoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Health Psychology, 39(7), 580.
https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/hea0000869
Zhang, P., Zhai, Y., Cai, Y., Zhao, Y., & Li, Y. (2019). Nanomedicine‐based immunotherapy for the treatment of cancer metastasis. Advanced Materials, 31(49), 1904156.
https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201904156
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