Discussion
Response
Leonadia McDonald
Hello Class,
In
t
his weeks discussion I will be discussing question 4, Analyze how African American
s were challenging
white supremacy before World War I.
African Americans looked for ways to survive and advance in a hostile environment. They acted
collectively and individually, in art and politics and everyday life. And they shouldered the
responsibilit
ies of citizenship, even fighting in America’s wars, though the essential rights of citizens
were denied them. Their determined efforts produced new leaders, and organizations that demanded
racial justice.
One of the ways African Americans challenged white
supremacy of many was they weren’t afraid to
utilize public space. Using public space for things such as holidays, parades, conventions, protest, and
marches. African Americans used these public spaces not only for celebrations but to tell a story about
t
heir history, debate and set political goals for the community, applaud the role of African American
soldiers and workers, and create a legacy and an identity for African American men, women and children
in a positive light.
Here is an example of how Afri
can Americans challenged white supremacy in public spaces. A Baltimore
procession in May 1870 celebrated the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which guaranteed Black
men the right to vote. The event had more than 12,000 participants and 20,000 spect
ators. Newspapers
called the procession “vast and magnificent in its appointments, gorgeous in its decorations, and noble
in its purposes.” Participants carried banners reading, “Give us equal rights and we will protect
ourselves,” and “Equity and justice
goes hand in hand.”
White supremacist groups such as the United Daughters of the Confederacy founded these Confederate
monuments to, in their words, “correct history” by celebrating the “Lost Cause”, the idea that slavery
was a compassionate institution. T
hese monuments represented a way to remind African Americans
that public spaces, public commemoration and public advancement were not for them.
Smith, Shannon M. (June 18, 2020). African Americans have long defied white supremacy. Retrieved
January 11, 202
2,
from
https://theconversation.com/african
–
americans
Lawson, Steven F. (2021). Segregation. Retrieved January 11, 2022,
from
http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/freedom/1865
–
1917
Response
Tamara Robinson
African Americans were challenging white supremacy before WW1 by taking on their freedom as citizens. After being freed from slavery, they were now seen as a threat, and they were ridiculed in anyway. After the Plessy vs Ferguson case, which happened in 1896, everything was separate, but equal, as they claim, but the white supremacy did all that they could to make it an uncomfortable experience for people of color. Both races had bathrooms, but one was treated poorly, while the other was kept cleaned, both had water fountains, but one was clean, and the color was dirty. According to lone dissenter, justice John Harlan, he declared “Our Constitution is color-blind, and neither knows nor tolerates classes among citizens. In respect of civil rights, all citizens are equal before the law.” (Harlan 1896). His remarks were true and in fact, the government did not know how to deal with such racial tension, going through such a transition in the nation was a big issue but being that politicians could not resolve the issue completely did not resolve the issue that went on in the nation. The freedom of African Americans was the main issue toward the white supremacy and that is how African-Americans were challenged white supremacy: living their civil rights was a challenge every day for African Americans. The doctrine “separate but equal” was a doctrine that was lived strongly, everything was separate, but equal from water fountains, to schools, to jobs. To keep the ridicule down, the government allowed this to happen to prevent any future wars from happening again.
Reference
Plessy Vs Ferguson Case (1896)
https://supreme.findlaw.com/supreme_court/landmark/plessy.html
Response
Discussion Response
Leonadia McDonald
Hello Class,
In this weeks discussion I will be discussing question 4, Analyze how African American
s were challenging
white supremacy before World War I.
African Americans looked for ways to survive and advance in a hostile environment. They acted
collectively and individually, in art and politics and everyday life. And they shouldered the
responsibilit
ies of citizenship, even fighting in America’s wars, though the essential rights of citizens
were denied them. Their determined efforts produced new leaders, and organizations that demanded
racial justice.
One of the ways African Americans challenged white
supremacy of many was they weren’t afraid to
utilize public space. Using public space for things such as holidays, parades, conventions, protest, and
marches. African Americans used these public spaces not only for celebrations but to tell a story about
t
heir history, debate and set political goals for the community, applaud the role of African American
soldiers and workers, and create a legacy and an identity for African American men, women and children
in a positive light.
Here is an example of how Afri
can Americans challenged white supremacy in public spaces. A Baltimore
procession in May 1870 celebrated the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which guaranteed Black
men the right to vote. The event had more than 12,000 participants and 20,000 spect
ators. Newspapers
called the procession “vast and magnificent in its appointments, gorgeous in its decorations, and noble
in its purposes.” Participants carried banners reading, “Give us equal rights and we will protect
ourselves,” and “Equity and justice
goes hand in hand.”
White supremacist groups such as the United Daughters of the Confederacy founded these Confederate
monuments to, in their words, “correct history” by celebrating the “Lost Cause”, the idea that slavery
was a compassionate institution. T
hese monuments represented a way to remind African Americans
that public spaces, public commemoration and public advancement were not for them.
Smith, Shannon M. (June 18, 2020). African Americans have long defied white supremacy. Retrieved
January 11, 202
2, from
https://theconversation.com/african
–
americans
Lawson, Steven F. (2021). Segregation. Retrieved January 11, 2022,
from
http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/freedom/1865
–
1917
Response
Discussion
Response
Leonadia McDonald
Hello Class,
In this weeks discussion I will be discussing question 4, Analyze how African Americans were challenging
white supremacy before World War I.
African Americans looked for ways to survive and advance in a hostile environment. They acted
collectively and individually, in art and politics and everyday life. And they shouldered the
responsibilities of citizenship, even fighting in America’s wars, though the essential rights of citizens
were denied them. Their determined efforts produced new leaders, and organizations that demanded
racial justice.
One of the ways African Americans challenged white supremacy of many was they weren’t afraid to
utilize public space. Using public space for things such as holidays, parades, conventions, protest, and
marches. African Americans used these public spaces not only for celebrations but to tell a story about
their history, debate and set political goals for the community, applaud the role of African American
soldiers and workers, and create a legacy and an identity for African American men, women and children
in a positive light.
Here is an example of how African Americans challenged white supremacy in public spaces. A Baltimore
procession in May 1870 celebrated the ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment, which guaranteed Black
men the right to vote. The event had more than 12,000 participants and 20,000 spectators. Newspapers
called the procession “vast and magnificent in its appointments, gorgeous in its decorations, and noble
in its purposes.” Participants carried banners reading, “Give us equal rights and we will protect
ourselves,” and “Equity and justice goes hand in hand.”
White supremacist groups such as the United Daughters of the Confederacy founded these Confederate
monuments to, in their words, “correct history” by celebrating the “Lost Cause”, the idea that slavery
was a compassionate institution. These monuments represented a way to remind African Americans
that public spaces, public commemoration and public advancement were not for them.
Smith, Shannon M. (June 18, 2020). African Americans have long defied white supremacy. Retrieved
January 11, 2022, from
https://theconversation.com/african-americans
Lawson, Steven F. (2021). Segregation. Retrieved January 11, 2022,
from
http://nationalhumanitiescenter.org/tserve/freedom/1865-1917
Response
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