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You must then read your classmates’ responses. After you have read their responses, you must respond to TWO of your classmates by _____ each week at 11:59 pm ET. These are called your PEER RESPONSES. Each Peer Response is worth 10 points and should be 100 words in length, in Arial, Calibri, or Times New Roman 12 point font in a Word document.
AHMIR’S POST:
African- Americans from the rural South did not migrate to the north voluntarily, but were pushed out of the south by certain factors. Also, choosing to move to the North was not a coincidence, but were pulled there by some factors as well.
The massive migration that occurred between 1916 to 1970 was primarily caused by the push factor such as convict leasing, segregation, disenfranchisement, and the widespread increase in racist ideologies that were making the lives of African- Americans unbearable. They were forced to move in large troops when Jim Crow introduced laws that kept the African Americans in an inferior position which denied them political rights even to air out their grievances. So they chose to move to the North, where racial segregation was not mandated even though racism was rampant.
Another factor that pushed the African-Americans out to the North was the lack of employment opportunities in the South. The poor economic conditions in the South made survival very difficult. The situation was made worse by the continuous failing of crops, limitation of sharing cropping on the farms, limited land for farming, and crop damage from the boll weevil. Also, the Jim Crow laws’ social and racial oppression made possible meant that they could not even market their produce freely. The lynching of African Americans did also push them out in large numbers.
The main pull factor for the great migration of African Americans to the North was encouraging reports of reasonable wages and better living conditions in the North. These reports came from African soldiers who had returned from the war and were also reported in the African American newspapers. They were pulled by the economic opportunities found in the industrial cities, which meant better employment opportunities.
There were also reports of relative tolerance for blacks in the North. The North had racism, but blacks enjoyed some degree of freedom, including rights to votes, and segregation was not allowed. The social acceptance in the North was the main pull factor that drew the African Americans to migrate from the South to the North.
The same pull and pull factors still apply today, especially in minority groups. The African American community still migrates, though not enormous, because of political and economic reasons and racism. The African Americans still move from white-dominated regions to more friendly neighborhoods. Also, we see Africans trying to move to America for economic reasons.
References
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history-timeline/
https://eds-p-ebscohost-com.ezproxy.umgc.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=0&sid=888fa0ab-abaa-4e9d-
ALEXIS’S POST:
The NAACP is an organization that’s main focus is the ensure the equality of all minorities and races in America. They work to eliminate discrimination in all aspects and ultimately strive for equality for all. After doing this week’s reading as well as researching the topic a bit more, I was able to find a lot of information about the NAACP that I did not know before. Some sources claim the start date of the movement was in the 1950s, however there are facts arguing that statement and show that there have been countless occurrences of civil right activism dated as far back to the early 1900s.
Charles Hamilton Houston was a NAACP activist in the early 1900s who challenged the supreme court in regards to school segregation. “This fight for equality of educational opportunity (was) an isolated struggle. All our struggles must tie in together and support one another. . .We must remain on the alert and push the struggle farther with all our might”(NAACP.org). Another example of how the NAACP fought for civil rights was by creating the Niagara Movement. The Niagara Movement was for African Americans to gain the same freedoms for voting rights as the white people. It challenged politic laws and demanded voting rights to be given to all citizens regardless of race or ethnicity. Lastly, another example of how the NAACP fought for civil rights was their effort to pass a law to end lynching. Lynching was a huge thing in that time period and it caused much terror and pain throughout the country. “The NAACP’s anti-lynching crusade became a central focus for the group during its early decades. Ultimately, the NAACP was unable to get a federal anti-lynching law passed; however, its efforts increased public awareness of the issue and are thought to have contributed to an eventual decline in lynchings”(history.com).
Charles Hamilton Houston. NAACP. (2021, May 11). Retrieved February 6, 2022, from https://naacp.org/find-resources/history-explained/civil-rights-leaders/charles-hamilton-houston
History.com Editors. (2009, October 29). NAACP. History.com. Retrieved February 6, 2022, from https://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/naacp
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