Here is a geomicrobiology assignment, you need to finish them by the instruction.
Winogradsky column lab assignment
Winogradsky column introduction
Bacteria and Archaea collectively encompass a taxonomic and a metabolic
diversity that far exceeds that of plants and animals (the so-called ‘higher animals’). A
few weeks ago we created a model microbial ecosystem (a microcosm) called a
Winogradsky column that will simply and elegantly demonstrate a cross section of that
diversity.
Sergei Winogradsky (1856-1953) who, along with Martinus Willem Beijerinck
(1851- 1931), was a pioneering Russian microbiologist who worked in the late 1800’s
and early 1900’s, when microbiology was still a fledgling science. At a time when
microbiological methods barely existed and most microbiologists focused on the ‘germtheory’ of disease, the isolation of individual microbes and the characterization of
‘domesticated’ laboratory strains, Winogradsky focused on environmental microbiology
and developed techniques for cultivating and studying complex microbial communities
(such as the Winogradsky column). In so doing, he made great advances in our
understanding of environmental microbiology, microbial diversity, microbial physiology,
microbial autotrophy (the ability to obtain energy from non-organic substances) and
environmental nutrient cycling (particularly sulfur and nitrogen cycling). He is
considered one of the founding fathers of microbial ecology.
The Winogradsky column begins as a uniform slurry of soil, mud or lake
sediment and water (preferably from some outdoor source) supplemented with nutrients
(carbon and sulfur). The ingredients are mixed into a uniform slurry, poured into a tall,
transparent vesicle such as a test tube, graduated cylinder or soda bottle and exposed to
sunlight to provide energy for the system and to enrich for both aerobic and anoxic
photosynthetic bacteria. The sediment, soil and water serve as inocula of diverse
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microbial populations with diverse metabolic processes.
By now, a series of gradients (e.g. oxygen, H2S) have developed in your columns
as a result of bacterial metabolic processes. For example, aerobic photosynthetic
organisms and exposure to the air produce O2 near the top of the column, which can then
be used by other microbes for aerobic respiration. Similarly, sulfate reducers in the
anoxic region near the bottom of the column produce H2S, which can be used by H2S
utilizers and anoxic phototrophs. Different organisms gain a competitive advantage in
different regions of the column causing a stratification and continual regional succession
of organisms. Because this culture system more closely resembles a natural environment
than do traditional culture methods, a wider variety of physiological types can be
observed than by the more standard culture methods. Also, different microbes are
concentrated (enriched) in specific regions of the column where local conditions are
optimal for their particular growth (e.g. aerobes at the top in the oxic zone and anaerobes
at the bottom, anoxic zone).
Winogradsky columns demonstrate the interdependence of diverse
microorganisms in complex communities for survival and growth. As such, variations in
Winogradsky column ingredients and manipulations are as infinite as your imagination
allows. Virtually any microbial process could be studied with the correct design and
initial inocula.
The Winogradsky columns that were brought into class all have been amended
with cellulose, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, ferric citrate, and elemental sulfur.
The large 2 L column consists of sediment and water from Acton Lake at Hueston woods
and a layer of sand from a volleyball court here on campus. The two smaller columns
have sediment and water from Western Pond.
Lab assignment
In this lab assignment, the class will be divided into groups of 3-4 students. Each group
will be provided with all materials and supplies necessary to make a Winogradsky
column, including lake sediment, sand, carbon source, glass column, petri dishes, agar,
and lab space. Possible carbon sources include saw dust, egg shells, cellulose, glucose,
and corn stover.
Tasks
1) (10 points) Each group will make one Winogradsky column. Each group picks one
carbon source only. Let your column sit either in our lab or in your dorm by the
window so that your photosynthetic bacteria will grow and banding patterns will
develop over time. Keep rotating the columns occasionally (once in 2-3 days) so each
side of the column gets equal sunlight. This may take about a month. This task will be
assisted by TA Hongyan, and other graduate students of mine, Alex and Ethan.
YOU HAVE DONE THIS ALREADY. So you will get 10 points as long as you did
not miss that class.
2) (20 points) List the different layers that can be observed in your Winogradsky
column. Under each layer describe 1) the redox gradient (from oxic at the top to the
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anoxic at the bottom), 2) the possible microbial zone (in reference to the model
column on the top of this assignment) and 3) the major geochemical reactions that are
occurring (again based on the reference model).
For this one, obviously you cannot go back to the classroom, look at your column, and
take a photo. So I have taken a photo for you and inserted it here.
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3) Take a sample from the top layer and plate them on petri dishes. Try to avoid as much
as sediment as possible. Wait for a day or two until you see colony forming units
visually. Based on morphology (size, shape, color etc), please common on diversity in
this top layer and possible diversity in the layers below. TA Hongyan will find a
block of time when every group can do the plating and will provide assistance. I will
bring the plates to the class once they are fully grown.
Obviously, we cannot do this one. So skip it and move on.
4) The next task is to identify all microbial population in each zone. You submit
columns to TA and in about a week, TA will send each group with sequences from
each zone. This task is too time consuming and TA will have to do it for you. If you
continue on to an advanced class, you will be able to do it yourself.
Because of school closure, you did not do this one either. But we kept the sequences
from last year and you are asked to analyze those sequences in next task. These
sequences are at the end of this assignment.
5) (25 points) You will take these sequences and follow the steps outlined in Homework
2 to identify what you have grown in your columns. You will be surprised that
everyone has grown something different!! Please give specific domain, phylum, class,
order, family, genus, and species names.
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6) (30 points) Based on the sequences and names you have identified above, use
whatever tools are handy to you (usually using Google search) to describe the
functions of these microbes. Based on these functions, order them from the top to the
bottom of the column (refer to the model column on the top of this assignment). Try
your best to match each sequence with a corresponding color. In other words, suspect
what sequence and microbe came from what vertical position of the column.
7) (15 points) If somebody dumps wastewater (sewage) into one of the columns that we
made in the classroom, what difference do you expect to see? What group(s) of
microbes will be thriving and which ones will be diminishing? Give reasons.
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DNA sequences from your column
Sequence 1 (bacterium 1)
GACAATAACTCCAATCAACCTCTGGTTAGTTTGCGGGAAATACAAGAACTTGCCATCGCAAT
TACCGCCAAAAGCCTCAATCCCGCCATGTTAACGGTTGATTTCCTCAAATATTCGGGAATAGT
TCCCCCCGACTGGGAATTAAATGGCCAGCCGGTACTCAATCCTAATTACGCTCAAGTTAATTT
TCAAAATGGCATCAGCATTGTCGCCCAACCCCGGACAATTACCTTTGTAGAGATGATTAACT
CTCCGATAGCCTGAACCTGAAACTGCCAGAAATTGTCGGTTTATATCTAGATAAACTCCCTTT
AGCCGAATATCAAGCCCTGAATATCGCCCCGAAAAGTATTGTTCCTCTCCCCAGTAGCCCCG
ATGCCGCTAAAAAATACATCACCGAAACTCTTCTTGCCCCCGGTC
Sequence 2 (bacterium 2)
AGTTTGATCATGGCTCAGATTGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAAGTCGAACGGT
AACAGGAAGCAGCTTGCTGCTTTGCTGACGAGTGGCGGACGGGTGAGTAATGTCTGGGAAA
CTGCCTGATGGAGGGGGATAACTACTGGAAACGGTAGCTAATACCGCATAACGTCGCAAGC
ACAAAGAGGGGGACCTTAGGGCCTCTTGCCATCGGATGTGCCCAGATGGGATTAGCTAGTA
GGTGGGGTAACGGCTCACCTAGGCGACGATCCCTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCAAC
ACTGGAACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGGGGAATATTGCACAAT
GGGCGCAAGCCTGATGCAGCCATGCNGCGTGTATGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAAAGTAC
TTTCAGCGGGGAGGAAGGGAGTAAAGTTAATACCTTTGCTCATTGACGTTACCCGCAGAAGA
AGCACCGGCTAACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAAGCGTTAATCGGA
ATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGCAGGCGGTTTGTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGGCTC
AACCTGGGAACTGCATCTGATACTGGCAAGCTTGAGTCTCGTAGAGGGGGGTAGAATTCCA
GGTGTAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGAGATCTGGAGGAATACCGGTGGCGAAGGCGGCCCCCTG
GACGAAGACTGACGCTCAGGTGCGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTA
GTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGTCGACTTGGAGGTTGTGCCCTTGAGGCGTGGCTTCCGGANNT
AACGCGTTAAGTCGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCAAGGTTAAAACTCAAATGAATTGAC
GGGGGCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCT
GGTCTTGACATCCACGGAAGTTTTCAGAGATGAGAATGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGAGACAG
GTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCG
CAACCCTTATCCTTTGTTGCCAGCGGTCCGGCCGGGAACTCAAAGGAGACTGCCAGTGATA
AACTGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGACCAGGGCTACACAC
GTGCTACAATGGCGCATACAAAGAGAAGCGACCTCGCGAGAGCAAGCGGACCTCATAAAGT
GCGTCGTAGTCCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATC
GTGGATCAGAATGCCACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCA
TGGGAGTGGGTTGCAAAAGAAGTAGGTAGCTTAACTTCGGGAGGGCG
Sequence 3 (bacterium 3)
GATCTGCCCAGTCGAGGGGGATAACAGTTGGAAACGACTGCTAATACCGCATACGCCCTAC
GGGGGAAAGAGGGGGACTTTCGGGCCTCTCGCGATTGGATGAACCTAGGTGGGATTAGCT
AGTTGGTGAGGTAATGGCTCACCAAGGCGACGATCCCTAGCTGTTCTGAGAGGATGATCAG
CCACACTGGGACTGAGACACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGGGGAATATTGC
ACAATGGGGGAAACCCTGATGCAGCCATGCCGCGTGTGTGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAA
AGCACTTTCAGTAGGGAGGAAAGGGTAANTCCTAATACGNCTTATCTGTGACGTTACCTACA
GAAGAAGGACCGGCTAACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTCCNAGCGTTA
ATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGTGCGCAGGCGGTTTGTTAAGCGAGATGTGAAAGCCCT
GGGCTCAACCTAGGAATCGCATTTCGAACTGACCAACTAGAGTCTTGTAGAGGGGGGTAGA
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ATTCCAGGTGTAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGAGATCTGGAGGAATACCGGTGGCGAAGGCGGC
CCCCTGGACAAAGACTGACGCTCATGCACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACC
CTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGTCTACTCGGAGTTTGGTGTCTTGAACACTGGGCTCTC
AAGCTAACGCATTAAGTAGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCAAGGTTAAAACTCAAATGAA
TTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAGAACC
TTACCTACTCTTGACATCCACGGAAGACTGCAGAGATGCGGTTGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGTGA
GACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTTGTGAAATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAAC
GAGCGCAACCCCTATCCTTATTTGCCAGCACGTAATGGTGGGAACTCTAGGGAGACTGCCG
GTGATAAACCGGAGGAAGGTGGGGACGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGAGTAGGGCT
ACACACGTGCTACAATGGCGAGTACAGAGGGTTGCAAAGCCGCGAGGTGGAGCTAATCTCA
CAAAGCTCGTCGTAGTCCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAACTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTA
GTAATCGTGGATCAGAATGCCACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTC
ACACCATGGGAGTGGGCTGCAAAAGAAGTGGGTAGCTTAACCTTCGGGGGGGCGCTCACC
ACTTTGTGGTTCATGACTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGGTAGCCGTAAAT
Sequence 4 (bacterium 4)
AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAGGACGAACGCTGGCGGCAGGCCTAACACATGCAAGTCGAACG
CATCCTTCGGGATGAGTGGCGCACGGGTGAGTAACACGTGGGAACGTACCTTGGAGTGCG
GAATAATCTTTGGAAACGAGGACTAATACCGCATACGCCCTTAGGGGGAAAGATTTATCGCT
CCAAGATCGGCCCGCGTCCGATTAGCTAGTTGGCGGGGTAATGGCCCACCAAGGCGACGAT
CGGTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGGCCAGCCACACTGGGACTGAGACACGGCCCAGACTCCTA
CGGGAGGCAGCAGTGGGGAATATTGCGCAATGGGGGCAACCCTGACGCAGCCATGCCGCG
TGAGTGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAAAGCTCTTTCGGGTGTGAAGATGATGACGGTAACA
CCAGAAGAAGCCCCGGCTAACTTCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGAAGGGGGCAAGCG
TTGTTCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGAGCGCGTAGGCGGTCTGATTAGTCAGAGGTGAAATC
CCAGAGCTCAACTTTGGAACTGCCTTTGATACTGTTAGACTAGAATCCGTGAGAGGGTGGTG
GAATTCCCAGTGTAGAGGTGAAATTCGTAGATATTGGGAGGAACACCAGTGGCGAAGGCGG
CCACCTGGCGCGGTATTGACGCTGAGGCGCGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATA
CCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGAGTGCTAGATGTCGGGGTACATGTACCTCGGTGT
CGCAGCTAACGCATTAAGCACTCCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCAAGGTTAAAACTCAAAGG
AATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGAAGCAACGCGCAGAA
CCTTACCAGCCCTTGACATCCCGTGACACTTCCAGAGATGGAAGGTTCCCTTCGGGGACACG
GTGACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCA
ACGAGCGCAACCCTCATCTTCAGTTGCCAGCAAGTAACGTTGGGCACTCTGAAGAGACTGC
CGGTGACAAGCCGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCCTCATGGCCCTTACGGGCTGG
GCTACACACGTGCTACAATGGCGCCTACAATGGGCAGCGACCTCGCGAGGGGAAGCTAATC
TCCAAAAGGCGTCTCAGTTCGGATTGCACTCTGCAACTCGGGTGCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCT
AGTAATCGTGGATCAGCATGCCACGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTGTACACACCGCCCGT
CACACCATGGGAGTTGGTTCTACCCGAAGACGGTACGCTAACCGCAAGGAGGCAGCCGGCC
ACGGTAGGGTCAGCGACTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGGTAGCCGTAGGGGAACCTGCGGC
TGGATCACCTCCTTT
Sequence 5 (bacterium 5)
ATTGAACGCTGGCGGTATGCTTTACACATGCAAGTCGAACGGATTAAAGAGCTTGCTCTTTA
GTTAGTGGCGAACGGGTGAGTAATATATCGGAACATATCCGGAAGTGGGGGATAACGTAGC
GAAAGTTACGCTAATACCGCATATGCCCTGAGGGGGAAAGGGGGGGATCGCAAGACCTCTC
GCTTTCGGAGTGGCCGATACCGGATTAGCTTGTTGGTGAGGTAAAGGCTCACCAAGGCGAC
GATCCGTAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGACGACCAGCCACACTGGAACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTC
CTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGGGGAATTTTGGACAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGATCCAGCCATACCG
CGTGAGTGAAGAAGGCCTTCGGGTTGTAAAGCTCTTTCAGCCGGAAAGAAATTGCACTTCTT
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AATACGAAGTGTAGATGACGGTACCGGAAGAAGAAGCACCGGCTAACTACGTGCCAGCAGC
CGCGGTAATACGTAGGGTGCGAGCGTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGTAAAGCGTGCGCAGGC
GGTTTTTTAAGTCAGATGTGAAATCCCCGGGCTCAACCTGGGAACTGCATTTGAAACTGGAA
GACTAGAGTATAGCAGAGGGAGGTAGAATTCCACGTGTAGCAGTGAAATGCGTAGATATGT
GGAGGAATACCAATGGCGAAGGCAGCCTCCTGGGTTAATACTGACGCTCATGCACGAAAGC
GTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCCTAAACGATGTCAACTAGTT
GTTGGGGAAGGAGACTTTCTTAGTAACGTAGCTAACGCGTGAAGTTGACCGCCTGGGGAGT
ACGGTCGCAAGATTAAAACTCAAAGGAATTGACGGGGACCCGCACAAGCGGTGGATTATGT
GGATTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAAAACCTTACCTACCCTTGACATGTCAGAAAGATTGCAGA
GATGTGATTGTGCCCGAAAGGGAATCTGAACACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGT
GTCGTGAGATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCTTGTCATTAATTGCCATCATT
CAGTTGGGCACTTTAATGAGACTGCCGGTGATAAACCGGAGGAAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAA
GTCCTCATGGCCCTTATGGGTAGGGCTTCACACGTAATACAATGGCGCGTACAGAGGGTTG
CCAACCCGCGAGGGGGAGCTAATCTCAGAAAGCGCGTCGTAGTCCGGATTGGAGTCTGCAA
CTCGACTCCATGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCGGATCAGCATGTCGCGGTGAATACGTT
CCCGGGTCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACACCATGGGAGTGGAATCTGCCAGAAGTAGGTAG
CCTAACCGTAAGGAGGGCGCTTACCACGGTGGGTTTCATGACTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAA
GGTAGCCGTATCGGAAGG
Sequence 6 (bacterium 6)
AGAGTTTGATCATGGCTCAGATTGAACGCTGGCGGTATGCCTAACACATGCAAGTCGAACGT
CAAAGGTCTTCGGATTGAGTAGCGTGGCGGACGGGTGAGTAAAGCGTGGGAATCTGCCTTG
CAGTGGGGGATAACCCGGGGAAACTCGGGCTAATACCGCATACGCCCTACGGGGGAAAGG
GGGCTTTGGCTCTCGTTGCAAGATGAGCCCACGTCCGATTAGCTAGTTGGTAGGGTAAAGG
CCTACCAAGGCGACGATCGGTCGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGACCAGCCACACTGGGACTGAGA
CACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGGGGAATATTGGACAATGGGGGAAACCCT
GATCCAGCAATACCGCGTGTGTGAAGAAGGCCTGCGGGTTGTAAAGCACTTTCAGTGGGAA
AGAAAACCTGGTGGTTAATACCCATCGGCTTTGACGTTACTCACAAAAGAAGCACCGGCTAA
CTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCAAGCGTTAATCGGAATTACTGGGCGT
AAAGCGCACGTAGGCGGCGCCGTCAGTCCGATGTGAAAGCCCTGGGCTTAACCTGGGAACT
GCATTGGATACTGCGGCGCTAGAATGTGAAAGAGGGGAGTGGAATTCCAGGTGTAGCGGT
GAAATGCGTAGAGATCTGGAGGAACACCAGTGGCGAAGGCGGCTCCCTGGTTCAACATTGA
CGCTGAGGTGCGAAAGCGTGGGTAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCGGTA
AACGATGTCGACTAGCCGTTGGGTCCATTTAAGGGCTTAGTGGCGCAGCTAACGCGATAAG
TCGACCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGCCGCAAGGTTAAAACTCAAAGGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGC
ACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAAAACCTTACCAGCCCTTGACA
TCCTCGGAATCTTGCAGAGATGTGAGAGTGCCTTCGGGAACCGAGAGACAGGTGCTGCATG
GCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGTAACGAGCGCAACCCTTGT
CCTTAGTTGCCAGCGCGTCAAGGCGGGAACTCTAAGGAGACTGCCGGTGATAAACCGGAGG
AAGGTGGGGATGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTATGGGCTGGGCTACACACGTGCTACAA
TGGCCGGTACAGAGCGTCGCGACCCCGCGAGGGTGAGCCAATCGCAGAAAACCGGTCGTA
GTCCGGATCGCAGTCTGCAACTCGACTGCGTGAAGTCGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCGAATCA
GCATGTCGCGGTGAATACGTTCCCGGGCCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCACAC
Sequence 7 (bacterium 7)
AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAGGACGAACGCTGGCGGCGTGCCTAACACATGCAAGTCAAAGG
GAAGCGACTTCGGTCGTGAGTACTTGGCGCAAGGGTGAGTAACGTATAGGTAATCTGCCCT
TTGGACTGGGATAACCTCGAGAAATCGAGGACAATACCAGATGATGCAGCGGGACCGCATG
GTCATGTTGTTAAAGATTTATCGCCAAAGGATGAGCCTATATTCCATCAGGTAGTTGGTAGG
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GTAACGGCCTACCAAGCCTACGACGGATAGCTGGTCTGAGAGGATGATCAGCCACATTGGA
ACTGAGACACGGTCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGAGGAATATTGCGCAATGGGCG
AAAGCCTGACGCAGCAACGCCGCGTGGATGATGAAGTTCTTCGGAATGTAAAATCCTTTTGC
AGAGGAAGAAAATGCTGGTTTACCGGCACTGACGGTACTCTGCGAATAAGCCACGGCTAAC
TCTGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTGATACAGGGGTGGCAAGCGTTGTCCGGATTTACTGGGTGTA
AAGGGTGCGCAGGCGGACTTATAAGTCGGGGGTTAAATCCATGTGCTTAACACATGCAAGG
CTTCCGATACTGTAGGTCTAGAGTCTCGAAGAGGAAGATGGAATTTCCGGTGTAACGGTGG
AATGTGTAGATATCGGAAAGAACACCAGTGGCGAAGGCAGTCTTCTGGTCGAGAACTGACG
CTCAGGCACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAA
CGATGAATACTAGATGTTGGTCATATTGATCAGTGTCGCAGCTAACGCGTTAAGTATTCCAC
CTGGGAAGTACGCTCGCAAGAGTGAAACTCAAAGGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGG
TGGATCATGTGGTTTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAGAACCTTACCTGGGCTTGATATTGCAGCT
AAACTCATTGAAAGATGAGGTCCTTCGGGAAGCTGTAACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCA
GCTCGTGTCGTGAGATGTTGGGTTAAGTCCCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCCTACAATTAGTTACT
AACAGGTTAAGCTGAGGACTCTAATTGAACTGCCTACGCAAGTAGTGAGGAAGGAGGGGAT
GACGTCAAGTCCTCATGGCCCTTACGCCCAGGGCCACACACGTGATACAATGGTAGCTACA
GAGGGCAAAGCCGCGAGGCAGAGGAAATCCCAAAAAAGCTATCTCAGTCCGGATCGGAGTC
TGCAACTCGACTCCGTGAAGTTGGAATCGCTAGTAATCGCAGATCAGCACGCTGCGGTGAA
TGTGTTCCCGGGCCTTGTACACACCGCCCGTCAAGTCATGGAAGTCAGGAGTACCCAAAGA
CGCTCGCGCGTTTAAGGTAAGACTGGTAACTGGGACTAAGTCGTAACAAGGTAGCCGTACC
GGAAGGTGCGGCTGGATCACCTCCTTT
Sequence 8 (bacterium 8)
AGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAGATTGAACGCTGGCGGCGTGCTTAACACATGCAAGTCGCGCG
TGAAAGGACTTCGGTCCGAGTAAAGCGGCGCACGGGTGAGTAACGCGTGGATGATCTACCC
ATGAGTTGGGAATAACGGCTGGAAACGGTCGCTAATACCGAATACGCTCCGATTTCAACTTC
GGGGGAAAGGTGGCCTCTGCTTGCAAGCTACTGCTCATGGATGAGTCCGCGTCCCATTAGC
TAGTTGGTGGGGTAACGGCCCACCAAGGCGACGATGGGTAGCCGGTCTGAGAGGATGACC
GGCCACACTGGGACTGGAACACGGCCCAGACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGTGGGGAATATT
GCGCAATGGGCGAAAGCCTGACGCAGCGACGCCGCGTGAGGGATGAAGGTCCTCGGATCG
TAAACCTCTGTCAGGAGGGAAGAACCGCCACGGTGCTAATCAGCCGTGGTCTGACGGTACC
TCCAAAGGAAGCACCGGCTAACTCCGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGGAGGGTGCGAGC
GTTAATCGGAATCACTGGGCGTAAAGCGCACGTAGGCTGCTTGGTAAGTCAGGGGTGAAAG
CCCGCGGCTCAACCGCGGAATTGCCTTTGATACTGCCGAGCTAGAGTCCGGGAGAGGGTAG
TGGAATTCCAGGTGTAGGAGTGAAATCCGTAGAGATCTGGAGGAACATCAGTGGCGAAGGC
GACTACCTGGACCGGTACTGACGCTGAGGTGCGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAACAGGATTAGA
TACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAACGATGGATGCTAGGTGTCGGGGCCTTGAGCTTCGGTG
CCGTAGTTAACGCGTTAAGCATCCCGCCTGGGGAGTACGGTCGCAAGGCTGAAACTCAAAG
AAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACCAAGCGGTGGAGTATGTGGTTTAATTCGATGCAACGCGAAG
AACCTTACCTAGGTTTGACATCCGGAAGACCTTCCCGAAAAGGAAGGGTGCCCTTCGGGGA
ATTCCGAGACAGGTGCTGCATGGCTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGCCGTGAGGTGTTGGGTTAAGTC
CCGCAACGAGCGCAACCCCTATTGCCAGTTGCTACCAGGTAATGCTGGGCACTCTGGTGAG
ACTGCCCCGGTTAACGGGGAGGAAGGTGGGGACGACGTCAAGTCATCATGGCCCTTACGC
CTAGGGCTACACACGTACTACAATGGCGCATACAAAGGGCAGCGATACCGCGAGGTGGAGC
CAATCCCAAAAAGTGCGTCCCAGTCCGGATTGCAGTCTGCAACTCGACTGCATGAAGTTGGA
ATCGCTAGTAATTCGAGATCAGCATGCTCGGGTGAATGCGTTCCCGGGCCTTGTACACACCG
CCCGTCACACCACGAAAGTTGGTTTTACCCGACACCGGTGAGCTAACCAGCAATGGAGGCA
GCCGTCTACGGTAGGGCCGATGATTGGGGTGAAGTCGTAACAAGGGAACC
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