10sourceswell12 xResearchProposal-TinaWilkie-1 xArgumentativePaperFormat-3
Cyberbullying and The Role Technology Plays In It
10 Sources for Research Paper
1.
Cyberbullying facts and statistics for 2020 by Sam Cook
There has been a rise in cyberbullying in the past decade, therefore, I wanted to find a source that had current, up-to-date statistics. I will most likely use the progression of cyberbullying.
2.
https://easychair.org/publications/preprint/L1xh
Explainable AI approach towards Toxic Comment jClassi9fication by Aditya Mahajan, Divyank Shah, and Gibraan Jafar
I used this source because I agreed with the way they explained the negative emotions and effects that correlate with cyberbullying. It talks in depth about machine learning and deep learning models, such as LIME, to depict the content online to decide if it’s appropriate or not.
3.
http://www.psicothema.es/pdf/4468
Victimisation through bullying and cyberbullying: Emotional intelligence, severity of victimization and technology use in different types of victims by Maria Beltran-Catalan, Izabela Zych, Rosario Ortega-Ruiz and Vincente J. Llorent
I chose this source because it talks about ldifferent types of victims and different forms of cyberbullying.
4.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325741672_Cyberbully_Detection_Using_Hybrid_Techniques
Cyberbully Detection Using Hybrid Techniques by Tata Prathyusha and R. Hemavathy, and J.I.Sheeba
I chose this because it has more information on machine learning, in addition to using a “natural language processing technique”.
5.
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3002137.3002144
Detecting Cyberbullying using Latent Semantic Indexing by Jacob L. Bigelow, April Edwards, and Lynne Edwards
This source has information on Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI), which is a type of system used to detect cyberbullying.
6.
https://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/handle/1793/80286/Woepse%2C%20Mary ?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Recommendations for Cyberbullying Prevention Methods: Offline and Online Prevention Methods by Mary Woepse, approved by Susan Hilal
I decided to use this article because it has the most information. I will use information on why cyberbullying happens and the “problematic behaviors” that arise with cyberbullying.
7.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.04268
Incomplete Contracting and AI alignment by Dylan Hadfield-Menell and Gillian K. Hadfield
I chose this article because it talks about the issues with artificial intelligence.
8.
https://www.sciencepubco.com/index.php/ijet/article/view/21847
Association Analysis of Cyberbullying on Social Media using Apriori Algorithm by Zurani Zainol, Sharyar Wani, Puteri N. E. Nohuddin, Wan M. U. Noormanshah, Syahaneim Marzukhi
I chose this acticle because it goes in depth more about cyberbullying methods and tell how AI can be used, as far as collecting whats written, analyzed, and processed.
9.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0262-4079(12)1670=4
AI systems could fight cyberbullying by Niall Firth
I decided on this article because it talks about using AI to comfort someone that was bullied and to stop a bully from posting something. It will give the bully a warning.
10.
https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/30/us/channing-smith-suicide-cyberbullying-tennessee-trnd/index.html
The family of a teen who died by suicide after being outed by cyberbullies is demanding justice by AJ Willingham
I chose this news article because I would like to use it as an example of a result of a more extreme case of cyberbullying.
11.
https://www.foxnews.com/health/cyberbullying-all-american-little-girl-suicide
Cyberbullying on rise in US: 12-year-old was ‘all-American little girl’ before suicide by Mary Elizabeth Gillis
I also chose this article to use as an example.
12.
https://abcnews.go.com/US/rutgers-trial-dharun-ravi-found-guilty-tyler-clementi/story?id=15922681#.T2lbYBEgclp
Dharun Ravi’s Own Words Led to Conviction, Juror Tells ABC News by Beth Loyd and Colleen Curry
I chose the one because its an example of what could be potential outcomes if you bully or are bullied. The student that committed suicide was bullied and the bully pays consequences.
Tina Wilkie Research Proposal 1
Topic
The topic I chose is how bullying evolved into cyberbullying and the role technology plays in it. I chose this topic because I am an advocate for people that are bullied. Also, I don’t want my son bullying someone or getting bullied.
Purpose
The purpose of this research paper is to raise awareness about cyberbullying, how serious it really is, and ways to prevent or stop it. This is a very important topic because of the amount of kids and adolescents suffering from depression and anxiety or committing suicide due to being cyberbullied.
Writer
Bullying can result in major mental health problems, which caught my interest because I suffer from anxiety and depression and as a child, I experienced bullying.
Audience
The audience is the University of Minnesota Morris faculty and students. Anyone being bullied or has witnessed bullying.
Tentative position/opinion
Cyberbullying is more harmful than traditional bullying. More can be done to curb online bullying, including using technology to stop cyberbullying.
3 Preliminary supporting arguments
1. The increase in the use of digital devices has introduced cyberbullying. This allowed bullying to happen in many more forms.
2. Suicide due to cyberbullying are at a high.
3. Also cyberbullying has effects that last long, for both victim and bully.
3 Preliminary counter arguments
1. Cyberbullying is not that big of a deal. It’s just words, no real or physical harm done.
2. Being cyberbullied can help with setting boundaries and makes someone more resilient
3. First amendment rights; freedom of speech. Turn of digital advice and ignore it
Types of evidence
I will look for studies on cyberbullying vs. traditional bullying. I also would like to find some numbers, statistics on how much it has changed. I will make sure my sources are good sources and I have a variety of viewpoints and arguments.
3 possible research questions
1. Although cyberbullying was introduced through technology, is it possible to use technology to put an end to it?
2. How many people report depression or anxiety because of cyberbullying?
3. How much can words affect a person in comparison to physical harm done.
Page1 of 3
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Argumentative Paper Format
*Please note that this is only a sample format. There are multiple ways to organize an
argumentative paper
INTRODUCTION
o 1-2 paragraphs tops
o PURPOSE: To set up and state one’s claim
o OPTIONAL ELEMENTS
Make your introductory paragraph interesting. How can you draw
your readers in?
What background information, if any, do we need to know in order
to understand your claim? If you don’t follow this paragraph with a
background information paragraph, please insert that info here.
o REQUIRED ELEMENTS
If you’re arguing about a literary work—state author + title
If you’re arguing about an issue or theory – provide brief explanation
or your of issue/theory.
If you’re arguing about a film—state director, year + title
STATE your claim at the end of your introductory paragraph
BACKGROUND PARAGRAPH
o 1-2 paragraphs tops; Optional (can omit for some papers). Also, sometimes
this info is incorporated into the introduction paragraph (see above).
o PURPOSE: Lays the foundation for proving your argument.
o Will often include:
Summary of works being discussed
Definition of key terms
Explanation of key theories
SUPPORTING EVIDENCE PARAGRAPH #1
o PURPOSE: To prove your argument. Usually is one paragraph but it can be
longer.
o Topic Sentence: What is one item, fact, detail, or example you can tell your
readers that will help them better understand your claim/paper topic? Your
answer should be the topic sentence for this paragraph.
o Explain Topic Sentence: Do you need to explain your topic sentence? If so,
do so here.
o Introduce Evidence: Introduce your evidence either in a few words (As Dr.
Brown states ―…‖) or in a full sentence (―To understand this issue we first
need to look at statistics).
o State Evidence: What supporting evidence (reasons, examples, facts,
statistics, and/or quotations) can you include to prove/support/explain your
topic sentence?
o Explain Evidence: How should we read or interpret the evidence you are
providing us? How does this evidence prove the point you are trying to make
in this paragraph? Can be opinion based and is often at least 1-3 sentences.
o Concluding Sentence: End your paragraph with a concluding sentence that
reasserts how the topic sentence of this paragraph helps up better
understand and/or prove your paper’s overall claim.
Page 2 of 3
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http://www.depts.washington.edu/owrc
SUPPORTING EVIDENCE PARAGRAPH #2, 3, 4 etc.
o Repeat above
COUNTERARGUMENT PARAGRAPH
o PURPOSE: To anticipate your reader’s objections; make yourself sound more
objective and reasonable.
o Optional; usually 1-2 paragraphs tops
o What possible argument might your reader pose against your argument
and/or some aspect of your reasoning? Insert one or more of those
arguments here and refute them.
o End paragraph with a concluding sentence that reasserts your paper’s claim
as a whole.
CONCLUSION PART 1: SUM UP PARAGRAPH
o PURPOSE: Remind readers of your argument and supporting evidence
o Conclusion you were most likely taught to write in High School
o Restates your paper’s overall claim and supporting evidence
CONCLUSION PART 2: YOUR “SO WHAT” PARAGRAPH
o PURPOSE: To illustrate to your instructor that you have thought critically
and analytically about this issue.
o Your conclusion should not simply restate your intro paragraph. If your
conclusion says almost the exact same thing as your introduction, it may
indicate that you have not done enough critical thinking during the course of
your essay (since you ended up right where you started).
o Your conclusion should tell us why we should care about your paper. What is
the significance of your claim? Why is it important to you as the writer or to
me as the reader? What information should you or I take away from this?
o Your conclusion should create a sense of movement to a more complex
understanding of the subject of your paper. By the end of your essay, you
should have worked through your ideas enough so that your reader
understands what you have argued and is ready to hear the larger point (i.e.
the “so what”) you want to make about your topic.
o Your conclusion should serve as the climax of your paper. So, save your
strongest analytical points for the end of your essay, and use them to drive
your conclusion
o Vivid, concrete language is as important in a conclusion as it is elsewhere–
perhaps more essential, since the conclusion determines the reader’s final
impression of your essay. Do not leave them with the impression that your
argument was vague or unsure.
o WARNING: It’s fine to introduce new information or quotations in your
conclusions, as long as the new points grow from your argument. New points
might be more general, answering the “so what” question; they might be
quite specific. Just avoid making new claims that need lots of additional
support.
Page 3 of 3
Courtesy the Odegaard Writing & Research Center
http://www.depts.washington.edu/owrc
OUTLINE WORKSHOP
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
SUPPORTING EVIDENCE #1
SUPPORTING EVIDENCE #2
SUPPORTING EVIDENCE #3
COUNTERARGUMENT
SUM UP CONCLUSION
Sum up claim + supporting evidence statements
SO WHAT CONCLUSION
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Formatting
Title Page
Citation
Outline
