follow the instructions carefully
there is a chapter 7 that must read it to complete the assignment
2200- 2300 words maximum
24 hours or a refund
ON TIME
with plag report
5% similarity maximum
Sultan Qaboos University
College of Economics and Political Science
Introduction to Management Information Systems
INFS2412 – SPRING 2020
Case Study Individual Project
(20% of Final Grade)
Background
The COVID-19 Coronavirus pandemic is spreading around the world at a rapid pace, affecting every aspect of how we live, how we study, how we work and how we shop. While the coronavirus brought many challenges and threats for some businesses, it created new opportunities for others across all industries.
Due to the outbreak, quarantine measures have been implemented in countries around the world (including Oman), forcing companies, government organizations, schools and universities to shift large part of their operations online.
Requirements
You (as an individual – not in a group) are required to:
· Read chapter 7 in the textbook and watch the provided online lecture on the chapter. This will give you enough idea about the concepts of E-commerce and E-business.
· Research and describe how information and communication technologies are playing a vital role during COVID-19 pandemic in enabling many of us to carry out our regular duties from the comfort of our homes. This may involve researching the current business situation and related issues on how this pandemic is disrupting every industry, creating new challenges and opportunities.
· You are also required to highlight the key issues (ethics, privacy, and security), as discussed in chapters 3 and 4, as well as in section 7.5 in chapter 7.
· Use trustworthy resources in your research form the Internet, social media, mobile applications, and also the Website of SQU main library.
Submission
Prepare and submit a report using the below template. A soft copy of the report must be submitted to the lecturer via email no later than 12pm on Thursday 4th of June 2020. Late submission will attract 3% per day.
0. Title Page
Include a title that describes the content of your report, your name, student ID, section number and your instructor’s name
1. Executive Summary
150-200 words that provide a general summary of the report
2. Introduction
200-250 words that give general exploratory remarks and highlight the main sections of the report.
3. Business during COVID-19
3.1 Overview
250-300 words that provide a general description of COVID-19 impact on businesses.
3.2 E-Commerce
400-450 words that analyze the current status of e-commerce as follows
3.2.1 Definition
3.2.2 Benefits
3.2.3 Case Study from Oman
3.2.4 Challenges/Risks
3.3 E-Learning and E-training
400 – 450 words describing e-learning and e-training sectors during COVID-19
3.3.1 Definition
3.3.2 Benefits
3.3.3 Case Study from Oman
3.3.4 Challenges/Risks
3.4 Teleworking
400 – 450 words explaining how jobs in different sectors have been transformed
3.4.1 Definition
3.4.2 Benefits
3.4.3 Case Study from Oman
3.4.4 Challenges/Risks
4. Conclusion
150-200 words describing your own opinion and views about the above experiences
5. References
List all the references and resources you have used in your report in APA format. You may use an online APA citation generator, click here.
CHAPTER 7
E-Commerce: Applications and Issues
CHAPTER OUTLINE
7.1 Overview of E-Business & E-Commerce
7.2 Business-to-Consumer (B2C) E-Commerce
7.3 Business-to-Business (B2B) E-Commerce
7.4 Electronic Payments
7.5 Ethical and Legal Issues in E-Business
7.1 Overview of E-Business and E-Commerce
The dot-com era
Over 3 billion people are now connected to the
Internet
More than 130 million people are buying online
E-commerce began in 1995
Marketplace → Marketspace
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Overview of E-Business and E-Commerce
E-Commerce (EC): describes the process of buying, selling, transferring or exchanging of products, services or information via computer networks, including the Internet.
E-business: is a broader definition of EC, including
buying and selling of goods and services
servicing customers
collaborating with partners
conducting e-learning
conducting electronic transactions within an organization.
*
Pure versus Partial EC depends on the degree of digitization involved:
The product can be physical or digital.
The process can be physical or digital.
The delivery agent can be physical or digital
Brick-and-mortar: purely physical organizations
Click-and-mortar: organizations are those that conduct some EC activities, yet their business is primarily done in the physical world [multichannneling]
Pure Play: organizations that are engaged only in EC
Overview of E-Business and E-Commerce
*
Bricks and Mortar, Partial EC, and Pure EC
Buy books at Family Bookshop
bricks and mortar
Order physical book from Amazon:
partial EC
Order and download book from Amazon: pure EC
Types of E-Commerce
Business-to-Consumer (B2C): the sellers are organizations and the buyers are individuals
Business-to-Business (B2B): both the sellers and buyers are business organizations
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C): both the sellers and buyers are individuals
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Types of E-Commerce
Business-to-Employee (B2E): An organization uses e-commerce internally to provide information and services to its employees.
E-Government (E-Gov.): the use of Internet technology to deliver information about public services to citizens (Government-to-Citizen [G2C]), business partners and suppliers (called government-to-business [G2B]) and between governments [G2G].
Mobile Commerce (m-commerce): e-commerce that is conducted using a mobile phone
*
E-Commerce Business Models
Online Direct Marketing: manufacturers sell directly to
customers
Electronic Tendering System: businesses (or governments) request quotation from suppliers [uses B2B or G2B] -[Example: e-tendering The Tender Board ]
E-auction – an auction which is held over the Internet
www.ebay.com
Forward Auction: the highest bidder wins the auction
Reverse Auction: the lowest bidder wins the auction
*
E-Commerce Business Models
Name-your-own-price: customers decide how much they want to pay www.priceline.com
Find-the-best-price: customers specify a need and an intermediary compares providers and shows the lowest price
*
E-Commerce Business Models
Affiliate marketing: Vendors ask partners to place logos or banners on partner’s site. If customers click on logo, go to the vendor’s site, and buy, then the vendor pays commission to partners.
Note the Sony logo at the top of this Web page
www.howstuffworks.com
*
E-Commerce Business Models
Viral marketing: receivers send information about your product to their friends.
Group purchasing: small buyers aggregate demand to get a large volume discount [E-Coops]
Product customization: customers use the Internet to self-configure products or services. Sellers then price them and fulfill them quickly.
www.dell.com
www.bluenile.com
*
E-Commerce Business Models
Deep discounters: company offers deep price discounts. Appeals to customers who consider only price in their purchasing decisions
Membership: only members can use the services provided, including access to certain information, conducting trade, etc.
*
Benefits of E-Commerce
Benefits to organizations
Makes national and international markets more accessible
Lowering costs of processing, distributing, and retrieving information
Benefits to customers
Access a vast number of products and services around the clock (24/7/365)
Benefits to Society
Ability to easily and conveniently deliver information, services and products to people in cities, rural areas and developing countries
Limitations of E-Commerce
Technological Limitations
Lack of universally accepted security standards
Insufficient telecommunications bandwidth
Expensive accessibility
Non-technological Limitations
Perception that EC is unsecure
Unresolved legal issues
Lacks a critical mass of sellers and buyers
7.2 Business-to-Consumer B2C
Electronic retailing (E-tailing): the direct sale of products and services through the Internet
E-marketplace: a central, virtual market space on the Web where many buyers and sellers can conduct E-commerce and E-Business activities
E-storefront: a Web site that represent a single store
www.dell.com
E-mall/ Cybermall: a collection of individual shops under one Internet address http://www.e-mall.com.sa/
– Referral Mall www.bing.com/shopping
*
Online Service Industries
A key issue is disintermediation
The removal of intermediaries in a supply chain
*
Online Service Industries
Cyberbanking: involves conducting banking activities from home, a place of business or on the road instead of at a physical bank location.
E-Bank / virtual Bank/ Cyber Bank: a bank that is dedicated only to Internet transactions
www.firstib.com
Online securities trading
*
Online Service Industries
Online job market
The internet offers promising new environment for job seekers and for companies searching for hard-to-find employees.
Travel services
The internet is an ideal place to plan, explore and arrange almost any trip economically
Real Estate http://www.findaproperty.com
/
*
Issues in E-Tailing
Channel conflict: occurs when manufacturers disintermediate their channel partners such as distributors, retailers, dealers, and sales representatives, by selling their products directly to consumers, usually over the Internet through e-commerce.
[Ford allows customers to configure a car online but requires them to pick it up from a dealer, where they arrange financing, warranties and services]
Multichanneling: is a process in which a company integrates its offline and online channels.
Order fulfillment: finding the product to be shipped; packaging the product; arrange for speedy delivery to the customer; and handle the return of unwanted or defective products.
*
Online Advertising
Advertising : an attempt to disseminate information in order to influence a buyer-seller transaction.
Online Advertising methods
Banner: simply electronic billboard [can be customized]
Pop-up ad : appears in front of the current browser window.
Pop-under ad: appears underneath the active window.
Permission marketing: asks consumers to give their permission to voluntarily accept online advertising and e-mail.
[sometimes customers are paid to view online advertisements]
Viral marketing: refers to online “word-of-mouth” marketing.
*
7.3 Business-to-Business (B2B)
In B2B e-commerce, the buyers and sellers are organizations
There are several business models for B2B applications:
B2B Sell-Side Marketplace
B2B Buy-Side Marketplace
Electronic Exchanges
B2B Sell-Side Marketplace
Key mechanisms: electronic catalogs and forward auctions
In the sell-side marketplace, organizations sell their products or services to other organizations electronically from their own Web site and/or from a third-party Web site.
This model is similar to the B2C model in which the buyer comes to the seller’s site, views catalogs, and places an order. In the B2B sell-side marketplace, the buyers are organizations.
*
B2B Buy-Side Marketplace
Key mechanism: reverse auctions
The buy-side marketplace is a model in which organizations buy needed products and services from other organizations electronically.
E-procurement
*
Electronic Exchanges
Exchanges independently own by a third party and connect many buyers and many sellers
Vertical Exchanges: connects buyers and sellers in a given industry
www.plasticsnet.com www.papersite.com
Horizontal Exchanges: connects buyers and sellers across many industries, and are used mainly for MRO materials
www.alibaba.com
Functional Exchanges: needed services
such as temporary help or extra office
space are traded on an “as-needed” basis
www.employease.com
*
7.4 Electronic Payments
Implementing EC typically requires E-payment
E-payment systems enable you to pay for goods and services electronically.
E-check: encrypted check with digital signature that is similar to a paper check, and is used mostly in B2B.
E-credit card: allows customers to charge online payments to their credit card account, and is used mostly in B2C.
*
How E-Credit Cards Work
Electronic Payments
Purchasing card: is the B2B equivalent of electronic credit cards and is typically used for unplanned B2B purchases.
Electronic cash
Stored-value money cards allow you to store a fixed amount of prepaid money and then spend it as necessary.
Smart cards contain a chip called a microprocessor that can store a considerable amount of information and are multipurpose – can be used as a debit card, credit card or a stored-value money card.
Person-to-person payments are a form of e-cash that enables two individuals or an individual and a business to transfer funds without using a credit card.
E-wallet
*
7.5 Ethical and Legal Issues
Privacy: ecommerce provides opportunities for businesses to track online consumers using cookies or special spyware
Fraud on the Internet
*
Ethical and Legal Issues
Domain Name Competition
www.delta.com
*
Cybersquatting refers to the practice of registering domain names solely for the purpose of selling them later at a higher price.
www.ou.edu.om
The original owner of www.tom.com received $8 million for the name
Taxes and other Fees: when and where (and in some cases whether) electronic sellers should pay taxes
Copyright: protecting intellectual property in e-commerce and enforcing copyright laws is extremely difficult
Ethical and Legal Issues
*
http://www.registry.om/
What you may buy Online?
Male 6 month old – R.O 400
Replica GUCCI Handbag
High Quality – R.O. 24
6 seater dining table in very good condition 30rial.
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