Constructing research reports are a major part of the research process. This assignment will assist you in beginning to prepare your research proposal, which will be completed in your capstone course.
Save multiple copies of this Research Report in different locations to ensure you are able to revise it in the PSY-495 Professional Capstone course.
Be sure to review Chapters 15 & 16 of the textbook before beginning the assignment.
Constructing research reports are a major part of the research process. This assignment will assist you in beginning to prepare your research proposal, which will be completed in your capstone course.
Save multiple copies of this Research Report in different locations to ensure you are able to revise it in the PSY-495 Professional Capstone course.
Be sure to review Chapters 15 & 16 of the textbook before beginning the assignment.
Here are the requirements for the Research Proposal (1,250 to 1,500 words). Include 8-10 scholarly, peer-reviewed sources within the last five years:
Title Page, Abstract page, and References page in APA format (10%). Please refer to the APA style guide regarding the difference between an abstract and an introduction.
Introductory section (20%): This is the longest section of your paper. Begin with an introductory paragraph that states the purpose of the paper. Then, go into detail on your literature review. Begin with a general review of your topic and move to specific studies that are similar to your proposal. Show how your proposal is different from what has been done before. Build to a paragraph that includes your hypothesis (-ses).
1. Develop your problem statement.
2. Develop a hypothesis on the topic you selected.
3. Include the hypothesis you submitted for Topic 3 DQ 2 (Online) or sent to instructor (Onground). Use the feedback you receive from the discussion questions to revise your hypothesis if necessary.
My current hypothesis for this research topic is to determine whether there is a relation between hormone exposure in the uterus to gender identity or an intersex disorder during adolescence. A lot of research has been conducted and the participant’s genes have been researched on, with some positive results, even though the results have not yet been replicated. Scientists have been conducting research that has been focusing on gender identity in intersex people. This research is on the effect of exposing hormones on developing fetuses. This research is unpredictable because the parental hormones exposure like the length of a finger ratio as well as birth order, which doesn’t have a clear trend in intersex or transgender groups (Erickson-Schroth, 2013).
There are various steps of developing a hypothesis, and therefore in order to ensure that I have drafted my hypothesis well, I would include an inquiry from a non-experimental study that has cause and effects that can be translated to an experimental hypothesis. For instance, the hypothesis that I have developed will be tested under some conditions as it relates to urine and blood analysis in order to determine the level of hormones.
Reference
Erickson-Schroth, L. (2013). Update on the biology of transgender identity. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 17(2), 150-174.
Myers, A., & Hansen, C. H. (2011). Experimental psychology. Cengage Learning.
Body of the Report:
1. Method section (20%): This part has four sections (each of which is a subheading): (a) Participants- Explain how many participants will be involved in the study. What will be their relevant characteristics (age, gender, race, etc.)? How will they be recruited? Provide additional information to for clarity; (b) Apparatus/ Materials/ Instruments- What materials or instruments will be used in the experiment? What ingredients will you need to run your study (tests, gadgets, paper/ pencils, etc.)? Clearly state if the instrument is self-created or used in a previous study; (c) Procedure- Provide a clear description of all procedures to be followed in the study. Will there be groups? Will there be manipulation to control variables? Provide the steps of the study in chronological order for the reader. Write in the conditional tense since the study will not be carried out; and (d) Design- Briefly explain the design of the experiment and why that is the best design for your study. (e.g., correlational non-experimental design, between-subjects, within-subjects, or mixed experimental design). Describe the independent variable and the corresponding levels and the dependent variable and the level of measurement.
2. Results (20%): This section may be combined with the Discussion section. Include a paragraph describing what statistic will be used (e.g., t-test, ANOVA, correlation, chi-square), how many degrees of freedom, alpha level (choose .05), and critical value. (Do not create fake results.)
3. Discussion (20%): Include at least four paragraphs: (a) Describe what it would mean if significant results were obtained. Then describe what it would mean to obtain nonsignificant results; (b) Discuss how the study will follow APA ethical guidelines by discussing the use of an informed consent form, debriefing statement, deception, and obtaining IRB permission; (c) Discuss any limitations in the study (e.g., possible confounding, lack of random assignment or random sampling, etc.); and Conclude with a discussion of future studies that could arise from the present study.
References: Include at least 8-10 scholarly, peer-reviewed sources published within the last 5 years.
Appendices: Include two figures, OR two tables, OR a table and a figure (10%). A table consists of columns and rows of numbers or text, and a figure is anything else (chart, map, graph, etc.). For example, set up a table focusing on participants, include your individually created survey, use/cite tables from a previous study, refer to Chapter 14 summary table, include Informed Consent figure and/or Debriefing Form figure. If unsure, contact your instructor for confirmation of appendices.
Note: Refer to your PowerPoint slides from Topic 7 assignment.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need assistance.
Benchmark Information
This benchmark assignment assesses the following programmatic competencies:
BS Psychology
2.1: Apply research design principles to investigate psychological hypotheses.
2.4: Interpret psychological phenomena using sound scientific reasoning.
Research Proposal
DeAnna Fleming
Grand Canyon University
PSY-452
Professor Carter
Feb. 6, 2022
A study showed the higher the adverse childhood experiences a person had, the lower the odds of graduating in high school
Adverse childhood experiences was greatly associated with lower enrollment in colleges.
A lot of studies have not been conducted in order to determine the relationship of a persons’ adverse childhood experiences score
A study showed the higher the adverse childhood experiences a person had, the lower the odds of graduating in high school. A lot of studies have not been conducted in order to determine the relationship of a persons’ adverse childhood experiences score
2
Methods
Participants: High School Students
Material: Video camera, Books, Papers, writing materials
Procedures: get an informed consent, prepare time for questionnaire as well as interview, complete questionnaire and review interview
Design: Correlational design
The participants that were involved were students from high school, material that were used included Video camera, Books, Papers, writing materials. The design used was correlational design
3
Results
Chi Square Test
Spearman’s correlation coefficient
P<0.5
Chi-square is a statistical test used to examine the differences between categorical variables from a random sample in order to judge goodness of fit between expected and observed results. The Spearman's measures the strength and direction of association between two ranked variables.
4
What would it mean if you obtained significant results and non- significant results?
Significant Results: If significant results were obtained this means ace scores are related to how an individual feels prepared for college.
Non-significant Results: If non-significant results were obtained this means that ace scores are not related to how an individual feels prepared for college.
Before conducting any research, the research has to seek permission from the relevant authorities One of these authorities is the Institutional Review Board (IRB). This is a body that has the authority to approve, require modification or disproves a research After seeking permission from the authority, the researcher can proceed with his or her research
5
How the study will follow APA ethical guidelines?
The study will follow APA ethical guidelines by using:
Informed consent
Debriefing statement
IRB permission
The study will follow APA ethical guidelines by getting consent from the authority in order to do a research. This is known as getting IRB permission
6
IRB permission
Before conducting any research, the research has to seek permission from the relevant authorities
One of these authorities is the Institutional Review Board (IRB). This is a body that has the authority to approve, require modification or disproves a research
After seeking permission from the authority, the researcher can proceed with his or her research
IRB are regulations under FDA that approves or disapproves any research to be conducted. Therefore, before conducting a research, the researcher has to seek permission from the relevant bodies
7
Limitations
Generalization
Cannot prove the independent variable cause the dependent variable
Self-report
Difficulties in getting samples
Cofounding
Every research as some limitation. In this case, generalizing the sample was the main limitation because it could led the researcher to get inappropriate results. Also, differentiating independent and dependent variables is another limitation in this study.
8
Future studies
The correlational study can help future studies whether significant or non-significant results are obtained.
In every study, it is important to have a future research in order to enable other researcher to conduct a research and gather more information concerning this research. Also, correlational study can help future studies whether significant or non-significant results are obtained.
9
Conclusion
In a research, there are two main results that can be obtained; that is significant and non significant
This study uses APA ethical guidelines which include; informed consent, debriefing statement, obtaining IRB permission
It is important to have a future studies in order to acquire more information about the research.
In conclusion, there are two main results that have been obtained; that is, significant result which means ace scores are related to how an individual feels prepared for college. Non significant results means results were obtained this means that ace scores are not related to how an individual feels prepared for college. An APA ethical guidelines includes getting consent from the authority in order to conduct a research
10
Appendices
Informed Consent Greater Than Minimal Risk Template https://halo.gcu.edu/resource/92b6008b-82e8-4bf9-bbe1-c73a56471682
https://mygcuedu6961 my.sharepoint.com/personal/mmarks9_my_gcu_edu/Documents/
Pr
paredness%20for%20College%20Questionnaire
Reference
ASPCC. (2021). What are aces? Adverse Childhood Experiences. Retrieved from https://americanspcc.org/what-are-aces/? gclid=CjwKCAjwiY6MBhBqEiwARFSCPscHEOnfjiqYNd2uaJl44r87hMrlopxAX1v wgdwJqFdn_w5MlbptLRoCnzQQAvD_BwE
FDA. (1998). IRB-faqs. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/i nstitutional-review-boards-frequently-asked-questions
Giovanelli, A., Reynolds, A. J., Mondi, C. F., & Ou, S. R. (2016). Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adult Well-Being in a Low-income, Urban Cohort. Pediatrics, 137(4), 10.1542/peds.2015-4016 e20154016. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2015-4016
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