While it is unlikely you will adopt Stephen King’s ritual for draft versions, recognize that “writing drafts” are an essential part of the process. This week’s writing assignment allows you to present an improved and refined problem statement and an aligned purpose statement.
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Week 4 Assignment: Research Problem Development
Lua Shanks
Dr. Watnick
E.D.D. 8113
Walden University
12-27-21
Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
Background
The Early Childhood Education (ECE) practice has faced many challenges ranging from inadequate teaching and learning resources, lack of government goodwill, to financial constraints to facilitate teaching operations. Dziuban et al. (2018) highlighted several challenges faced by early childhood education. The scholars argue that poor teaching programs and environments for teachers are among the hurdles facing early childhood education. Aydin et al. (2017) also established that a high pupil-teacher ratio hinders the implementation of early childhood education. Nonetheless, early childhood educators can improve the teaching-learning environment by integrating audiovisual technologies in the teaching-learning setup. Research has shown that there are many problems in early childhood, but there are also many opportunities for improvement.
Problem Statement
The problem is that many early year teachers in the current education sector do not have enough ICT equipment and expertise at their disposal to adequately deliver holistic instruction to early year learners. According to Aydin et al. (2017), educators are increasingly embracing new learning technologies, but have poor technical skills which hamper their capacity to use the technologies. For instance, far too many teachers in the education sector do not have the required phonics skills to teach early year learners how to read and spell words correctly (Dziuban et al., 2018). Research on emerging technologies in early ECE is replete with evidence that shows when children view a video with their parents or teachers and narrate stories, they learn new vocabularies better (Dziuban et al., 2018; Samudra et al., 2019). Therefore, there is a discernible gap in practice about the selection of the most effective audiovisual technologies in content delivery in Early Childhood Education.
Research and Benefits
Early childhood education is facing several different issues according research. However, there are many resources available for educators to improve their learning environment for students. Schools, administrators, and others who are involved in creating the best opportunity for students must find a way to improve and adjust so that the same problems will not continue to exist. To do this they can take a lot of advice from research, which includes learning from their environment, improving class ratios and technology, and improving teacher preparedness. Overall, ECE can be better for all those involved.
Annotated Bibliography
Dziuban, C., Graham, C. R., Moskal, P. D., Norberg, A., & Sicilia, N. (2018). Blended learning: the new normal and emerging technologies. International journal of educational technology in Higher education, 15(1), 1-16
This article provides an overview of several challenges faced by early childhood education. One of the challenges the articles spoke of was children not being on their grade level, and this will make it hard for teachers to teach the child what they supposed to know. The teaching environment becomes difficult or hard when students are behind, so teachers need help. The article mentions the need for technology to aid students in getting individual help to get on grade level.
Aydin, H., Ozfidan, B., & Carothers, D. (2017). Meeting the challenges of curriculum and instruction in school settings in the United States. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 8(3), 76-92.
Aydin et al. (2017) established that a high pupil-teacher ratio hinders the implementation of early childhood education. The article talks about how having numerous students in the classroom can create learning gaps. This also can affect the teacher numerous of ways. The study shows that schools need to reduce the ratio of students to provide the students with the right instruction for the class to learn. Overall, the article shows that things can be better if there are less students in the classroom.
Samudra, P. G., Flynn, R. M., & Wong, K. M. (2019). Covering Educational Media: Does Co-viewing Help Low-Income Preschoolers Learn Auditory and Audiovisual Vocabulary Associations? AERA Open, 5(2),
https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858419853238
Research on emerging technologies in ECE is replete with evidence that shows when children view a video with their parents or teachers and narrate stories, they learn new vocabularies better (Dziuban et al., 2018; Samudra et al., 2019). The article talks about how technology assists students when they are with their parents. It also talks about how technology helps with new vocabulary, and this will help them to become a better speaker. It helped students to comprehend stories better. Overall, technology is a key to success based on this article.
Yılmaz, M., Yılmaz, U., & Yılmaz, E. N. D. (2019). The relation between social learning and visual culture. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 11(4), 421-427.
The article spoke about the importance of observation and social cues in learning. The article talked a lot about how significant it was to see certain behaviors and adjust and how this has been used to help learners improve their knowledge for years. The theory of social learning was another big aspect of this article. Basically, more focus on this theory could help students and other learners improve the way they grasp information.
References
Aydin, H., Ozfidan, B., & Carothers, D. (2017). Meeting the challenges of curriculum and instruction in school settings in the United States. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 8(3), 76-92.
Dziuban, C., Graham, C. R., Moskal, P. D., Norberg, A., & Sicilia, N. (2018). Blended learning: the new normal and emerging technologies. International journal of educational technology in Higher education, 15(1), 1-16.
Huda, M., Jasmi, K. A., Hehsan, A., Mustari, M. I., Shahrill, M., Basiron, B., & Gassama, S. K. (2017). Empowering children with adaptive technology skills: Careful engagement in the digital ınformation age. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 9(3), 693-708.
Kontovourki, S., Garoufallou, E., Ivarsson, L., Klein, M., Korkeamaki, R. L., Koutsomiha, D., … & Virkus, S. (2017). Digital literacy in the early years: Practices in formal settings, teacher education, and the role of informal learning spaces: A review of the literature.
MacBlain, S. (2018). Learning theories for early years practice. Sage.
Samudra, P. G., Flynn, R. M., & Wong, K. M. (2019). Coviewing Educational Media: Does Coviewing Help Low-Income Preschoolers Learn Auditory and Audiovisual Vocabulary Associations?. AERA Open, 5(2),
https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858419853238
Yılmaz, M., Yılmaz, U., & Yılmaz, E. N. D. (2019). The relation between social learning and visual culture. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 11(4), 421-427.
INTRODUCTION
Module 3 Week 6: The Purpose Statement
In this course, you have learned that a final problem statement normally takes many months to develop. Yet this week, you are asked to begin to develop the purpose statement. This is not because your problem statement is finalized but because it is time for you to evaluate and practice creating the rest of the common components of the doctoral capstone. This is part of the iterative process of preparing the capstone.
Remember, though, that the assignments in this course are unlikely to be final versions of your study. The intention is to help you to understand and prepare for what you will need to write in your capstone.
The purpose statement serves as the connection between the problem being addressed and the focus of the study. Depending on the methodology, in:
· Quantitative studies, state what needs to be studied by describing two or more factors (variables) and a conjectured relationship between (among) them related to the identified gap in practice or problem;
· Qualitative studies, describe the need for increased understanding about the issue to be studied (based on the identified gap or problem); and
· Mixed-methods studies (with both quantitative and qualitative aspects), clarify how the two approaches will be used together to inform the study.
Notes on Readings
This week’s readings continue to provide information on how to review the research literature. Apply this guidance to your ongoing efforts to read and take notes interactively in the research relevant to your problem. The media and other resources, this week, will help you to develop your understanding of the purpose statement.
The reading in the Single text, this week, can help you to fine tune your system for scholarly reading and note taking via the use of your citation management software.
This week, Thomas provides detailed instructions about how to interact with, and review, the research literature. These skills are critical in your work on your doctorate.
Learning Objectives
Students will:
· Apply technological tools to find, analyze, and evaluate existing research
· Analyze purpose statements
· Apply knowledge of APA references
· Apply knowledge of doctoral study
Assignment: The Purpose and Problem Statements
Stephen King, who has written more than 50 novels—and other books that have sold hundreds of millions of copies—also wrote about how he writes. In his book, On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft, King explains that his iterative approach to writing involves writing, putting it aside, writing something else, and then returning to the first draft.
While it is unlikely you will adopt Stephen King’s ritual for draft versions, recognize that “writing drafts” are an essential part of the process. This week’s writing assignment allows you to present an improved and refined problem statement and an aligned purpose statement.
To Prepare
For this revision of your purpose and problem statements, apply what you have learned from the feedback you have received, as well as the information you have learned from the required readings, web resources, and media.
By Day 7
Submit your draft.
As in previous drafts, your paper should include the following:
· Title—refining the problem statement and purpose statement
· A basic introduction or background statement
· One or two specific and precise sentences that clearly state the problem
· A few paragraphs that synthesize the evidence from research literature that this is a current, meaningful problem in the educational discipline
· Substantiated statements using evidence from research
Note: Every statement must be substantiated by evidence from your research.
· One or two sentences that explain the purpose of your study
Note: Connect the problem being addressed to the focus of your study.
· Demonstration of a logical flow from the preliminary problem to this (narrower) tentative purpose in your study
· Explanation of what aspect of the problem your study address (In other words, what will it accomplish?)
Find and review three scholarly sources to support your purpose.
Your newest draft of your paper should be in APA style and follow the guidelines provided in the document, “APA Course Paper Template with Advice (7th ed.)” found in the Learning Resources.
References
Single, P. B. (2010). Demystifying dissertation writing: A streamlined process from choice of topic to final text. Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing.
· Chapter 4, “Citeable Notes”
· Section 4.1, “Recording Citeable Notes and Building Your Literature Review” (pp. 81–85)
Thomas, G. (2017). How to do your research project: A guide for students (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
· Chapter 1, “Your Introduction: Starting Points”
· “Purposes of Research” (pp. 6–7)
· Chapter 3, “The Literature Review” (pp. 57-67)
http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates/general
http://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/templates/general
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